Abstract
Penicillum citreonigrum XT20-134 (MCCC 3A00956) is a fungus with cytotoxic activity, derived from deep-sea sediment. Five new compounds, adeninylpyrenocine (1), 2-hydroxyl-3-pyrenocine-thio propanoic acid (2), ozazino-cyclo-(2,3-dihydroxyl-trp-tyr) (3), 5,5-dichloro-1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydroxypentan-2-one (4), and 2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl cinnamate (5), together with 19 known compounds (6–24), were isolated from an ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of its fermentation. The structures of the new compounds were comprehensively characterized by high-resolution electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS), 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). All isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities. The heteroatom-containing new compounds 2 and 4 showed potent cytotoxicity to the human hepatoma tumor cell Bel7402 with IC50 values of 7.63 ± 1.46, 13.14 ± 1.41 μM and the human fibrosarcoma tumor cell HT1080 with IC50 values of 10.22 ± 1.32, 16.53 ± 1.67 μM, respectively.
Highlights
Considering the extreme environment of high salinity, darkness, high pressure, and high/low temperature [1], the discovery of new lead compounds from deep-sea microorganisms has become a hot topic in natural products research
Penicillum citreonigrum XT20-134 (MCCC 3A00956), a fungal strain that originated from the deep-sea sediment in the southeast Indian Ocean, was found to possess cytotoxic activity
Five new compounds, including two new heteroatom-containing compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a deep-sea fungus P. citreonigrum XT20-134 (MCCC 3A00956)
Summary
Considering the extreme environment of high salinity, darkness, high pressure, and high/low temperature [1], the discovery of new lead compounds from deep-sea microorganisms has become a hot topic in natural products research. Cancer is the leading lethal disease in the world and deep-sea microorganism-originated compounds are thought to be the new anti-tumor drugs repository [2,3]. The new antitumor compounds diketopiperazine, cytochalasan alkaloids, chromone-derived polyketides, etc., have been isolated from deep-sea fungi [4,5,6]. Several new cytotoxic compounds were characterized from deep-sea microbial resources [7,8,9,10,11]. From its ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract, five new compounds, adeninylpyrenocine (1), 2-hydroxyl-3-pyrenocine-thio propanoic acid (2), ozazino-cyclo-(2,3dihydroxyl-trp-tyr) (3), 5,5-dichloro-1-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,4-dihydroxypentan-2-one (4), and
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