Abstract
We consider a two-dimensional (2D) two-component spinor system with cubic attraction between the components and intra-species self-repulsion, which may be realized in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, as well as in a quasi-equilibrium condensate of microcavity polaritons. Including a 2D spatially periodic potential, which is necessary for the stabilization of the system against the critical collapse, we use detailed numerical calculations and an analytical variational approximation (VA) to predict the existence and stability of several types of 2D symbiotic solitons in the spinor system. Stability ranges are found for symmetric and asymmetric symbiotic fundamental solitons and vortices, including hidden-vorticity (HV) modes, with opposite vorticities in the two components. The VA produces exceptionally accurate predictions for the fundamental solitons and vortices. The fundamental solitons, both symmetric and asymmetric ones, are completely stable, in either case when they exist as gap solitons or regular ones. The symmetric and asymmetric vortices are stable if the inter-component attraction is stronger than the intra-species repulsion, while the HV modes have their stability region in the opposite case.
Highlights
Peaks, with the vorticity carried by the superimposed phase profile which features a phase circulation of 2πS, with integer S being the respective topological charge
The equations are written in the scaled form, so that the coefficients in front of the Laplacian and self-repulsion terms are normalized to unity
We have found that the fundamental solitons are always stable, in both symmetric and asymmetric cases
Summary
Peaks, with the vorticity carried by the superimposed phase profile which features a phase circulation of 2πS, with integer S being the respective topological charge. The FR applies to the inter-component interactions in binary (spinor or pseudo-spinor) condensates[51,52,53] This suggests a new approach to the creation of solitons in spinor condensates: while each component features self-repulsion, the FR-induced attraction between them makes it possible to create symbiotic solitons, supported solely by the attraction between the two components, which may even overcome the intrinsic repulsion in each of them[54,55]. The objective of the present work is to develop the concept of symbiotic solitons for 2D spinor condensates with an inter-component cubic attraction and intra-species repulsion. In the presence of a lattice, all the fundamental solitons are completely stable solutions, while the vortices have a stability region when the cross-component attraction is stronger than the intra-species repulsion. The HV modes may be stable in the opposite case
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