Abstract
Background Sleep disorders are frequent nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Polysomnography (PSG) has been the gold standard for its assessment. However, it requires patients to stay overnight in a hospital or sleep center. The mobile two-channel electroencephalography (EEG)/electrooculography (EOG) recording system is a self-applicable and affordable method to objectively assess sleep at home. We aimed at evaluating patients with PD to confirm the difference in sleep parameters between the portable recording system and PSG. Methods PSG and the portable recording system were simultaneously performed on a similar night in eight patients with PD. We compared the difference in sleep parameters between them using nonparametric tests. Results All patients displayed a score of both PDSS −2 ≥ 15 and PSQI ≥ 5, respectively, which revealed poor sleep quality. There was no difference in the sleep parameters between the portable recording system and PSG, except for the percentage of sleep stage N3. Regarding the detection of REM sleep without atonia, we observed accordance between the portable recording system and PSG in six patients (P=0.686). Conclusions The portable EEG/EOG recording system may gain an advantage from home-based evaluations for habitual sleep at home. Our study on device validation may contribute to measuring natural sleep, including rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavioral disorder (RBD), in an outpatient care setting.
Highlights
In Parkinson’s disease (PD), sleep disorders are frequent nonmotor symptoms with an estimated occurrence rate of 74–88% [1, 2], inducing sleep fragmentation and difficulties in maintaining sleep or falling asleep
We evaluated patients with PD to confirm the difference in sleep parameters between the portable EEG/EOG recording system and PSG
We evaluated eight patients diagnosed with PD according to the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) diagnostic criteria [12]. e clinical basic evaluations at the start of the study were the following: Hoehn–Yahr stage, MDS Revision of the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) parts 3 and 4 [13], subitem “psychosis” and “anxiety” on MDS-Non-Motor Rating Scale [14], Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) [15], Japanese version of Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS)-2 [16], Japanese version of Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) [17], Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index (PSQI), and Beck depression score [18]
Summary
Sleep disorders are frequent nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Polysomnography (PSG) has been the gold standard for its assessment. E mobile twochannel electroencephalography (EEG)/electrooculography (EOG) recording system is a self-applicable and affordable method to objectively assess sleep at home. We aimed at evaluating patients with PD to confirm the difference in sleep parameters between the portable recording system and PSG. PSG and the portable recording system were simultaneously performed on a similar night in eight patients with PD. We compared the difference in sleep parameters between them using nonparametric tests. Ere was no difference in the sleep parameters between the portable recording system and PSG, except for the percentage of sleep stage N3. Regarding the detection of REM sleep without atonia, we observed accordance between the portable recording system and PSG in six patients (P 0.686). E portable EEG/EOG recording system may gain an advantage from home-based evaluations for habitual sleep at home. Our study on device validation may contribute to measuring natural sleep, including rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavioral disorder (RBD), in an outpatient care setting
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