Abstract
The main objective of this research study was to explore the vegetation of Lower Tanawal, Pakistan from North East aspect. The ordination techniques TWINSPAN, DCA and CCA were used to classify the data. TWINSPAN classified 157 plant species and 20 stands into four plant communities. Four plant communities Dodonaea-Ziziphus-Oxalis, Pinus–Olea–Micromeria, Debregessia-Mentha-Isodon, and Pinus-Punica-Isodon community were noted. This study provides first information about the vegetation of Lower Tanawal, Abbottabad Pakistan from North East aspect.
Highlights
In this research study for the classification of species and stands TWINSPAN techniques have been used Hill (1979)
The vegetation analysis of Lower Tanawal from Northeast aspect was done in different seasons from 2016-2018
The dominant gradient length on axis 2 indicated that maximum species has similarities on axis 2
Summary
In this research study for the classification of species and stands TWINSPAN techniques have been used Hill (1979). The relationship between plant species and environmental variable is determined with the help of CCA. To determine the relationship among vegetation the DCA is used (Antoine and Niklaus, 2000). Study Area The Lower Tanawal is located in District Abbottabad, Pakistan. The Lower Tanawal is part of the Lesser Himalayas Hussain and Illahi (1991). It is situated between the 34° 12' 32 and 34° 15 ́ 76 North latitude to 73° 09' 39 and 73° 03 ́ 31 East longitudes Bibi et al (2019)
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