Turning DIN 19682-7 Procedure of Infiltration Rate of Soils Test into the Mobile App for Cloud Storage

Effects of rainfall intensity and antecedent soil water content on soil infiltrability under rainfall conditions using the run off-on-out method

Internet of Things (IoT) for double ring infiltrometer automation

Effects of vegetation restoration on soil infiltrability and preferential flow in hilly gully areas of the Loess Plateau, China

Measuring the rate of infiltration in an area is important as one of the basic actions for land management. The existence of infiltration allows the soil to temporarily store water so that it is available for absorption by plants and soil organisms. The ITERA Botanical Gardens, which aims to conserve Sumatran plants ex-situ, needs to be supported by successful revegetation. The infiltration rate is an indicator of the physical condition of the soil during the revegetation process. The purpose of this study was to calculate the soil infiltration rate in the ITERA Botanical Gardens under different vegetation conditions, namely under sengon (Falcataria moluccana) and grass stands. This research is an experimental study that measures the rate of soil infiltration using a double ring infiltrometer with a diameter of 15 cm and 30 cm. The infiltration rate was then calculated based on data on changes in water level over time intervals (∆h) and changes in measurement time intervals (∆t) obtained from field measurements. Infiltration in the area of ITERA Botanical Gardens is influenced by the condition of the vegetation above the ground. Lowering of the water level in the ring on grassy land reaches a constant faster than under sengon stands. The infiltration rate under Albizia stands is faster than on land with grassy vegetation. This requires the act of planting vegetation that has deep roots, on land that is still planted with grass.

Infiltration is a very important component in soil conservation. Infiltration is a very important part of the hydrological cycle. The smaller the rate of soil infiltration then the run off rate will be greater and vice versa, because the run off rate is a difference in the rain intensity and the rate of infiltration. The physical state of the soil is one indicator that determines the speed of the soil in rainwater infiltration. The aim of this research was to know the soil infiltration rate in Krueng Meueh Watershed Aceh Province using infiltrometer method and Horton equation model. The infiltration calculation is done in every unit of land. Double ring infiltrometer that pressed into the soil, and filled with water was used. The decreased of water was observed with interval of five minutes. The results showed that the highest infiltration rate was 7,572 cm/hour (rather fast) found in SL 10 with 3 – 8% slope (rather sloping), Latosol soil type, shrubhs land cover and the smallest was 1,971 cm/hour (rather slowly) found in SL 12 with 8 – 15% slope, Red-Yellow Podsolic soil type and shrubhs land cover.

Climate change in coffee cultivation is very influential and can disrupt the hydrological cycle, so shade planting is required. Planting vegetation on coffee fields can affect the infiltration rate. The infiltration rate is the amount of water per unit time that enters the soil surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the infiltration rate with various shading, namely mixed shade (sengon, teak, pepper, and coconut), sengon shade, and monoculture coffee land and to determine the relationship between soil physical properties and infiltration rate on people's land. The measurement of the infiltration rate was done with a double ring infiltrometer and the Horton model. Infiltration rate can be influenced by a variety of soil properties such as bulk density, soil pore distribution, soil aggregate stability, soil texture, soil organic matter content, and land use. The analysis used correlation, linear regression, multiple linear regression, and t-test. Differences in shade and soil properties affect the infiltration rate, especially micropores and soil porosity. Soil with a lot of micro-pore soil, low porosity and clay texture has a slow infiltration rate. The results of the t-test between the actual infiltration rate and the infiltration rate of the Horton model showed no significant difference; therefore, the Horton method approach can be used in estimating the actual infiltration rate in coffee fields.

Infiltration process plays important role in water balance concept particularly in runoff analysis, groundwater re-charged, and water conservation. Hence, increasing knowledge concerning infiltration process becomes essential for water manager to gain an effective solution to water resources problems. This study employed multiple linear regression for esti-mating infiltration rate where the soil properties used as the predictor variable and measured infiltration rate as the response variable. Field measurement was conducted at sixteen points to obtain infiltration rate using double ring infiltrometer and soil properties namely soil porosity, silt, clay, sand content, degree of saturation, and water content. The result showed that measured infiltration rate had an average initial infiltration rate (f0) of 6.92 mm∙min–1 and final infiltration rate (fc) of 1.49 mm∙min–1. Soil porosity and sand content showed a positive correlation with infiltration rate by 0.842, 0.639, respectively, while silt, clay, water content, and degree of saturation exhibited a negative correlation by –0.631, –0.743, –0.66 and –0.49, respectively. Three types of regression equations were established based on type of soil properties used as predictor varia-bles. The model performance analysis was conducted for each equation and the result shows that the equation with five predictor variables fMLR_3 = – 62.014 + 1.142 soil porosity – 0.205 clay, – 0.063 sand – 0.301, silt + 0.07 soil water content with R2 (0.87) and Nash–Sutcliffe (0.998) gave the best result for estimating infiltration rate. The study found that soil po-rosity contributes mostly to the regression equation that indicates great influence in controlling soil infiltration behavior.

This study investigated the effect of various infiltration rate measurement methods and Mulch materials on the infiltration characteristics of sandy loam soil. The Single Ring Infiltrometer, Double Ring Infiltrometer, and Furrow Inflow-Outflow Methods were also investigated. The study discovered that double ring infiltrometers produced more accurate findings than single ring infiltrometers and the Furrow Inflow-Outflow Methods. Sawdust mulches improved soil conditions and provided the finest infiltration outcomes. The interplay of the double ring infiltrometer method and sawdust mulching produced the best results in terms of infiltration rate. The infiltration rate depends mainly on percentage fine particle, clayey content and bulk density.The findings highlighted the importance of this prevalent traditional practise of mulching in arid and semi-arid locations, as well as the importance of using appropriate techniques for evaluating soil infiltration characteristics. The results of such measurements could be utilised to optimise material selection in solving plant-soil-water dynamics problems. As a result, this can be used as a measure of soil productivity.

This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness and accuracy of tension infiltrometer (TI) over double ring infiltrometer (DI) for determining infiltration rate (I) of loamy sand. Sorptivity (S), infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity (K) are soil properties that govern the rate of entry of water into the soil and its movement within the soil. The ease and accurate measurement of these properties depend on the instruments used. DI operates by ponding water and could be affected by preferential water flow during infiltration test which could not be avoided especially on a fertile soil. DI and TI at water potentials of -0.02, -0.04, -0.05 and -0.06 m were used to determine infiltration rate of the soil. The mean values of sorptivity for DI and TI at water potentials of -0.02, -0.04, -0.05 and -0.06 m were 847.02, 63.50, 33.15, 29.90 and 19.46 mm/h1/2, respectively. Mean values of infiltration rates for DI and TI at -0.02, -0.04, -0.05 and -0.06 m water potentials were 471.26, 176.84, 73.73, 71.32 and 37.73 mm/h, respectively. Mean values of hydraulic conductivity for DI and TI at -0.02, -0.04, -0.05 and -0.06 m were 344.45, 22.42, 18.61and 16.83 mm/h, respectively. DI required 100-150 litres for the infiltration test, difficult where water is very scarce and gave higher values of infiltration rate. TI saved water (2-3 litres), controlled preferential water flow and values of S, I and K were within the range obtained by other researchers. TI is more effective for measuring hydraulic properties soil than DI.Keywords:Double ring infiltrometer, tension infiltrometer, sorptivity, infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity

The study evaluates the infiltration capacity of soils in Akpabuyo Local Government Area of Cross River State. The double ring infiltrometer with inner ring of 30cm and outer ring of 50cm diameter with a height of 30cm above the ground was used by the researcher to measure infiltration rates on bare and crusted lands, sparsely vegetated and forested surfaces. Three runs were done at each location. Soil samples were collected from ten sampling points using a soil auger at a depth ranging from 0-15cm. Samples on soil types were collected because it was believed that soil type greatly influences the rate of infiltration in soil. The results revealed that the mean of sand, silt and clay was 70.3, 15.4 and 14.3 per cent respectively. This shows that the soil in the study area was dominated by sandy soil. The “crust factor” calculated for the area of study was 0.0530. Also the research revealed that the mean of infiltration rate for forested surface with value of 158.8mm/hr was higher than that of sparsely vegetal and bare surfaces which have values of 66.5 and 8.43mm/hr respectively. Wanton destruction of vegetal cover promotes surface sealing by direct raindrop impact on soil surface and it has inhibited rapid percolation of water on the bare surface of the study area. It is recommended that to improve physical properties and infiltration rate of soils in the study area afforestation should be encourage to cushion the effect of deforestation.

Knowledge of liquid manure infiltration in soil is essential for studying liquid manure distribution in soil following liquid manure applications. In this study, field tests were conducted to measure infiltration characteristics of liquid hog manures with different total solids contents (TS). The field had a sandy soil and was located in Manitoba, Canada. The liquid manures used had seven different TS ranging from 0.38 to 8.80%. The infiltration characteristics of water were also measured, which allowed for a comparison between water and liquid manure. The infiltration characteristics measured included Kostiakov constants and steady state infiltration rate. Measurements were done using a double ring infiltrometer. The results showed that liquid manure, regardless of TS, had similar infiltration characteristics when compared to water, except for the steady state of infiltration rate. The steady infiltration rate of manure was lower. The TS had little effect on the Kostiakov constants and steady state infiltration rate of liquid manure.

Prediction of soil water infiltration using multiple linear regression and random forest in a dry flood plain, eastern Iran

Aim: To characterize the spatial variability of infiltration in both Inceptisol and Entisol soils of irrigated farms of College of Agriculture, Pune.
 Study Design: Ten GPS based locations each from Inceptisol and Entisol were selected randomly and infiltration rates were computed using double ring infiltrometer.
 Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted at irrigated farms of College of Agriculture, Pune, between January 2019- May 2019.
 Methods: Soil samples collected from these spots were analysed in lab for its physical and chemical properties and thus to arrives a correlation between infiltration rates and soil physico-chemical properties.
 Results: Porosity (r =0.44*), per cent silt (0.58 **), per cent sand (0.57**) and hydraulic conductivity (0.53**) showed positive correlation with the cumulative infiltration rate, while the bulk density (r = -0.44*) and electrical conductivity (-0.84**) gave a negative correlation with the cumulative infiltration rate. Infiltration rates of soil varies with the spatial variability.

Andisol is a volcanic soil with a medium texture and a high organic matter content, so it is generally loose. However, the majority of vegetable farmers in Kayu Aro Barat District, Kerinci Regency carry out intensive soil cultivation in intensive land use (planting throughout the year, 2-3 times/year). Unfortunately, the role of tillage in soil and water conservation (SWC) is almost non-existent and even detrimental. One approach in SWC is the application of conservation tillage to control soil compaction so that soil infiltration is maintained. The research aims to determine the rate and capacity of Andisol soil infiltration and several factors that influence it, due to differences in the intensity of land use and cultivation in vegetable farming in Kebun Baru Village, Kayu Aro Barat District. The research used an exploratory-descriptive survey method. Observation and soil sampling points were determined using purposive stratified random sampling covering flat to sloping land, intensive land use and cultivation (planting 2-3 times/year + land cultivation 2 times/year), semi-intensive (planting 1-2 times/year + land cultivation once/year), and non-intensive (planting 1-2 times /year + land cultivation once/2 years), each land is planted with potatoes every year with various planting patterns. Soil infiltration rate was measured using a Double Ring Infiltrometer, and infiltration capacity was estimated using the Horton Equation. Soil infiltration rate and capacity are respectively 26.5 cm/hour (very fast) and 8.12 cm/hour (as is the infiltration capacity of loam-textured soil in general) on flat land with intensive land use and cultivation; much larger than other fields. On the other hand, the infiltration rate and capacity were 6.68 cm/hour (medium) and 2.27 cm/hour respectively (smaller than the infiltration capacity of silty loam soil in general), and the smallest, on sloping land that was used and cultivated not intensively. It is necessary to educate farmers to cultivate the land as necessary according to the characteristics of the soil and plant needs, to maintain the sustainability of soil function and building sustainable vegetable farming in West Kayu Aro District, Kerinci Regency.

To investigate the effects of coal mining on soil physical properties, sandy lands with three major vegetation types (Salix psammophila, Populus simonii, and Artemisia ordosica) were investigated by the ring knife method and double-ring infiltrometer. Specifically, variations in soil bulk density and water infiltration rate and the influences of coal mining and vegetation type on the properties during different subsidence stages were studied at the Shendong Bulianta mine. The results showed that, in the period before mining, soil bulk density occurred in the order A. ordosica > P. simonii > S. psammophila, with a negative correlation between the initial infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate being observed. In the period during mining and 3 months after mining, there were no significant differences in soil bulk density and water infiltration rate among vegetation types. At 1 year after mining, the soil bulk density occurred in the order A. ordosica > S. psammophila > P. simonii, having a negative correlation with the steady infiltration rate. The water infiltration depths of the S. psammophila, P. simonii and A. ordosica were 50, 60, and 30 cm, respectively. The infiltration characters were simulated by the Kostiakov equations, and the simulated and experimental results were consistent. Linear regression revealed that vegetation types and soil bulk density had significant effects on soil initial infiltration rate during the four study periods, and the infiltration rate of the period 1 year after mining was mainly influenced by the soil bulk density of the period before mining. The results indicated that vegetation types had significant effects on soil bulk density, and that the tree–shrub–grass mode was better than one single plantation for water conversation and vegetation recovery in sandy land subjected to mining.