Turkey's Biogas Energy Potential

Abstract

As in the rest of the world, in Turkey it is necessary to utilize the renewable energy sources to make up for the increasing energy deficit. As an alternative to these energy sources, the use of biogas seems possible. Even when it is considered only with regards to the animal husbandry sector, the majority of the manure obtained is a problem for the farms, and cannot be used efficiently. Considering that the energy value of 1 m3 of biogas is 5,000 kJ, and that the heat value is equivalent to 0.7 liters of gas, we see a large amount of lost energy. Besides, we must not overlook its contributions to the environment, and the value of manure. In this study, according to 2004 values, the biogas potential of Turkey has been found as 3 billion m3/yr, only when manure is taken into account. However, the fact that sufficient biogas generators cannot be established or operated much in Turkey reveals that currently this potential is not used. Furthermore, taking into account plant and animal remains as well, there is a significant loss. In order for biogas to be used as a source of alternative energy in Turkey, the need for building biogas generators with suitable technology in the regions relevant in the economic and rational sense has been emphasized. Incentives and supports have to be given for this purpose. Besides, agricultural extension agencies have to inform farmers and promote and cause the adoption of biogas energy. Animal husbandry and biogas extension must be included in the agricultural extension efforts.