Abstract
Turbulent natural convection induced by electrochemical reaction near the surface of 1 m high, plane, vertical electrodes of copper placed in an unstirred aqueous solution containing CuSO4 and excess H2SO4 was visualized by the Schlieren technique, and the macroscopic flow pattern was observed. A tracer technique was used to measure the time averaged velocity profile of turbulent cathodic natural convection. An analogy between the phenomena of momentum transfer associated with the present turbulent natural convection and induced by heat transfer was ascertained by use of a newly defined Rayleigh number, Rax*, taking the effect of hydrogen ion into consideration. Since no experimental data have been reported on the turbulent ionic mass transfer near the cathode surface below the limiting current density, a correlation Shx = 0.055 (Rax*)2/7; Rax* ≧ 2.5 × 1015 which is based on the heat transfer was proposed to calculate the approximate value of rate of turbulent ionic mass transfer on the vertical cathode surface.
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