Abstract
In the years 1603–1867, known as the Edo period, when Japan isolated itself from the western world, the country developed its own style of mathematics, especially geometry. Results and theorems of traditional Japanese mathematics, known as ‘Wasan’, were usually stated in the form of problems; these were originally displayed on wooden boards (‘sangaku’) hung in shrines and temples, but many later appeared in books, either handwritten with a brush or printed from wood blocks. (See [1, 2, 3] for more details.) Solutions to the problems were not given, but numerical answers were sometimes provided. The problems were written in a form of language called ‘Kanbun’, based on Chinese, which cannot be readily understood by modern Japanese readers even though written Japanese makes extensive use of Chinese characters.
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