Abstract
Thymic tumours are rare neoplasms, accounting for approximatively 20% of all mediastinal tumours. Among them, thymic epithelial tumours (including thymomas and thymic carcinomas) are the most frequently encountered types according to the new histological classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). Thymomas are frequently associated with autoimmune diseases, most commonly myasthenia. Others tumours include lymphomas, germ cell tumours and neuroendocrine neoplasms. Thymic tumours are characterized by a significant clinical and radiological variability. The therapeutic strategy is adapted to the concerned histological type. The cornerstone of management of epithelial and neuro-endocrine tumours remains surgery. The most important prognostic factors are the stage at initial presentation, and the possibility of performing complete resection. Management of germ cell tumours and lymphomas is firstly medical (radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy) with, in some cases, aggressive multidisciplinary approach with surgical resection of the residual mass.
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