Abstract
This is the first detailed study on percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Hospital data for PCIs carried out between 1 July 1990 and 30 June 2002 are analysed. The study explores trends in PCI rates by selected socio-demographic factors, the utilisation of angioplasties vis-a-vis stents, emergency admissions, and selected coexisting conditions which determine the disease status of PCI patients. Logistic regression models are used to study the medical conditions that require both PCI and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The PCI rate has grown rapidly at 12.1% per annum, with a particularly rapid increase for persons aged 75+. The rate of multiple stent utilisation increased at 4.6% per annum. Pacific-born and Middle-Eastern-born patients are more than twice as likely as the Australian-born to have diabetes. Factors affecting failure of PCI requiring CABG include perforation and multi-vessel disease. PCI services in public hospitals need to be increased to facilitate the availability of these procedures to all segments of the population, as do targeted community-level programmes to educate high-risk groups in the control of heart diseases.
Highlights
The history of catheterisation goes back to 3000BC
A total of 55,831 patient episodes with percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) were recorded in New South Wales (NSW) over the 12-year period
The number of PCI procedures performed in NSW increased by 12.1% per annum, slightly lower than the 15.3% per annum increase for Australia as a whole [9]
Summary
The history of catheterisation goes back to 3000BC. Documented cardiac catheterisation began withHales’s equine biventricular catheterisation in 1711. The history of catheterisation goes back to 3000BC. Res. Public Health 2009, 6 techniques could be attributed to: Frossmann in 1929; Cournand, Richard and others in 1950s; Sones in 1958; Dotter in 1963; and Judkins and Amplatz in 1967 [1, 2]. Further progress was made in 1977 by a German cardiologist A.R. Gruntzig, who invented balloon angioplasty [3]. The inventor of the coronary stent Charles Dotter together with Andrew Craig, invented an expandable stent made out of nitinol, the material that is commonly used in stents today [4]. It is estimated that almost two million percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) have been performed worldwide, with an estimated increase of 8% annually [5]
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