Abstract
tutoring, distinction between formal and informal learning would get blurred. Private tutoring costs will occupy a significant proportion of household expenditure on education. Efforts to control or monitor private tutoring are likely to meet with only limited success. Several measures could be taken to cope with the growing incidence of private tutoring. These could include making teachers in the formal school system more accountable and the schools qualitatively more competitive; reviewing the selection criteria for entry to higher education institutions; and, finally, supporting students from poor households and in rural areas so that they are better prepared for entry to reputed and highly competitive higher education institutions. Since it is not feasible to control supplementary private tutoring and perhaps not even desirable to curb it, considering that it might be raising the country’s average levels of achievement, the best option is to adopt a coping strategy that takes care of its negative consequences.
Highlights
Several measures could be taken to cope with the growing incidence of private tutoring
These could include making teachers in the formal school system more accountable and the schools qualitatively more competitive; reviewing the selection criteria for entry to higher education institutions; and, supporting students from poor households and in rural areas so that they are better prepared for entry to reputed and highly competitive higher education institutions
The center of gravity of the American academic professions has shifted from the university sector to the two-year community college sector and the public four-year college sector
Summary
The center of gravity of the American academic professions has shifted from the university sector (from about half of the whole in 1970 to about 40 percent today) to the two-year community college sector (from about 10 percent in 1970 to 20 percent today) and the public four-year college sector
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