Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia is hypothesized to sustain adipose tissue inflammation and to initiate adipose tissue fibrotic remodeling, a newly found feature of obesity related pathological alterations. Relative adipose tissue hypoxia, which is characterized by increased expression of transcription factor HIF1-α (hypoxia inducible factor 1α) may facilitate the transition from M2 to proinflammatory M1 macrophage polarization. M1 macrophages produce high levels of chemokines which further recruit more macrophages to the tissue, promoting to the development of insulin resistance in humans. We hypothesized that long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ameliorate adipose tissue inflammation, reduce adipose tissue hypoxia and may prevent adipose tissue remodeling.
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