Treatment strategies for and outcomes of older patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors that have a significant impact on decision making regarding treatment strategies and on the resultant outcomes in older patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To define fit, vulnerable, and frail patients, as well as treatment strategies/outcomes, in patients 75 years of age and older with primary OSCC were retrospectively reviewed from the medical records. Among patients with stage I and II tumors, those with a Geriatric 8 (G8) score of 11.5 or greater had favorable outcomes and those with a score less than 11.5 had acceptable outcomes (5-year self-reliance [SR] rates: 80.8 and 53.5%, respectively). Among patients with stage III and IV tumors, those with the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance status (ECOG-PS) score less than 2 and/or a G8 score 11.5 or greater mainly received standard therapy, had favorable outcomes (5-year SR rate: 66.7%). The 5-year SR rates of stage IV patients with an ECOG-PS score 2 or greater and those with a G8 score less than 11.5 were poor regardless of any treatment strategy. Although the 5-year SR rate of patients with standard therapy was 73.4%, that of patients receiving other curative therapies was 0%. In patients with stage III/IV, ECOG-PS 2 or greater, and/or G8 score less than 11.5, treatment was difficult, and the prognosis was poor.