Abstract

Improved remission rates of 70%–80% in childhood acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) have been achieved by several groups. Anthracyclines (daunorubicin, doxorubicin) are of great value in the treatment of ANLL. Protocols effective for ANLL commonly include combinations with cytosine arabinoside [1–3]. Aclarubicin, a new alternative anthracycline antibiotic, has proven efficacy in relapsed or advanced as well as in untreated ANLL in adults [4–6]. In 1984 a cooperative multicenter study (AML-IGCI-84) was initiated which incorporated aclarubicin in the first-line therapy of previously untreated childhood ANLL.

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