Abstract
Around 1800, the travel narrative bifurcated into two distinct traditions: the first-person travel essay or travel memoir and the travel guidebook. The article compares Goethe’s Italian Journey and Mariana Starke’s Letters from Italy as two texts that have shaped the discourse on how travel differs from tourism, how sights should be seen, and what accounts for an authentic travel experience. The article shows how both writers created the ‘edited’ tour that no longer focused on everything that could be seen. Starke created a truncated, but unified body of knowledge for her readers that became the blueprint for future guidebooks, while Goethe defined a unified mode of perception that still defines the travel memoir today.
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