Abstract
Mental health disorders have a multifactorial origin, according to figures from the World Health Organization these affect approximately 450 million people and 10% of the adult world population. Being able to affect the economy and the gross national product between 3 and 4%. The aim of this review was to determine the efficacy of the effects associated with physical activity and sports as a protective factor for mental health illnesses. In Chile, mental health disorders were the cause of 8.9% of deaths in 2009. These disorders have been mainly associated with the abuse of alcohol and drugs, showing marijuana use in the adolescent population 13.5 % and 33% in the adult population. Currently has been raised to the regular practice of physical activity and sport as a protective factor against various mental health disorders such as anorexia, depression, dystemia, emotional stability among others, because it is well known that sport helps improve the states of associated mood, stress, anxiety and depression. Chile has included among its policies 2011-2020 the increase of physical activity in the population considering the high rate of sedentary lifestyle, as well as preventive method of various pathologies of mental health. This review concludes the existence of positive evidence regarding the use of physical activity and sport as a protective factor for mental health illnesses. Key words: , , .
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