Abstract
The aim of the presented research is to characterize the scale of transport work performed on the supply of large-size pine wood to the sawmill, with indication of factors influencing structure and parameters. Analyzes were carried out for deliveries to a sawmill in northern Poland, which supplies pine sawlogs and long wood assortments. The distance of deliveries on public and forest roads was determined, as well as transport work for each type of road and the total value. The transport work was defined as a multiplication of driven kilometers with the load and the weight of the load in ton kilometers. Data on the transport distance were obtained on the basis of information from the driver, and the parameters of the transported pine sawlogs from the delivery note. Based on the collected data over a period of 12 months, the transport work was determined for selected courses. The total transport work for the 1509 analyzed deliveries was 3,447,486 ton-kilometers (tkm). The average transport work for one course amounted to 2286 tkm and was characterized by a high variability SD = 1207. The minimum value of the transport work was recorded at the level of 83 tkm, and the maximum as much as 7803 tkm. The median of the analyzed deliveries was 2220 tkm, while the first quartile Q1 = 1358, and the third quartile Q3 = 2997. With very similar cargo volumes (m3) and cargo weight (kg) the transport distance and the total number of deliveries have a significant effect on the transport work performed with the transport of timber. Purchase of wood in seven forest districts located up to 50 km from the sawmill accounts for 30.1% of the analyzed deliveries (1509), resulting in only transport work at the level of 476,104 tkm, which is only 13.8% of the total transport work of all deliveries.
Highlights
In Poland, there is one dominant round wood supplier (44.7 million m3 in 2018 [1]): the StateForests National Forest Holding
State Forest Districts took into account the number of deliveries, the average weight of a load and the transport distance
In the analyzed period 280,380 m3 of pine sawlogs was transported to the plant, with 9797 deliveries of wood from 54 forest districts
Summary
In Poland, there is one dominant round wood supplier (44.7 million m3 in 2018 [1]): the StateForests National Forest Holding. The buyers are the highly dispersed and fragmented sawmill industry [2,3]. In such a situation, ensuring a properly functioning, direct wood supply chain [4,5], which is of great importance in the costs of timber harvesting [6,7], enables optimization [8,9]. Cooperation of companies (the seller, sawmills and the carrier) contributing to the reduction of wood transport costs by 4–20% [10,11,12,13,14,15]. Planning of deliveries to a sawmill in the context of reducing drivers’ working time and improving transport efficiency [18,19,20]
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