Abstract
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have received considerable attention from both academia and industry in recent years. In VANETs, source vehicles (SVs) are allowed to connect roadside units, such as the access points (APs) of wireless access networks and conduct information interaction. However, due to the high-speed mobile characteristics of VANETs and the dynamic random characteristics of wireless channels, the direct connection between SVs and APs might be inaccessible. In this case, some neighbor vehicles referred to as relay vehicles (RVs) can be selected as relay nodes and help to forward data packets for the SVs. In this paper, we propose an analytical model for evaluating the transmission performance of RVs in VANETs. In particular, we apply network calculus theory to formulate the arrival curve of SVs and the service model of RVs, respectively, and evaluate the effective throughput of the RVs when forwarding data packets for various SVs. We then propose a joint effective throughput optimization based RV selection algorithm. The optimization problem is formulated and transformed into an optimal matching problem in a bipartite graph, which can then be solved based on Kuhn-Munkres (KM) algorithm. Numerical results demonstrate that compared to previous algorithms, the proposed algorithm offers better transmission performance.
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