Abstract
Transmastoid labyrinthectomy is a highly effective procedure for controlling vertigo attacks in patients with refractory Meniere's disease and ipsilateral nonserviceable hearing. Performed under general anesthesia, the procedure involves a cortical mastoidectomy with subsequent opening and removal of the vestibular neuroepithelium of the 3 semicircular canal ampullae, as well as opening and ablation of the utricle and saccule of the vestibule. Transmastoid labyrinthectomy typically requires several days of hospitalization to permit acute central compensation, and a period of vestibular physical therapy is typically necessary for patients to return to normal activity levels by 2 months. Transmastoid labyrinthectomy is a safe procedure with low rates of complications. Hearing rehabilitation can be performed via cochlear implantation, when indicated. Overall, transmastoid labyrinthectomy provides high rates of relief from vertigo and remains the gold standard for surgical treatment of Meniere's disease. Transmastoid labyrinthectomy is a highly effective procedure for controlling vertigo attacks in patients with refractory Meniere's disease and ipsilateral nonserviceable hearing. Performed under general anesthesia, the procedure involves a cortical mastoidectomy with subsequent opening and removal of the vestibular neuroepithelium of the 3 semicircular canal ampullae, as well as opening and ablation of the utricle and saccule of the vestibule. Transmastoid labyrinthectomy typically requires several days of hospitalization to permit acute central compensation, and a period of vestibular physical therapy is typically necessary for patients to return to normal activity levels by 2 months. Transmastoid labyrinthectomy is a safe procedure with low rates of complications. Hearing rehabilitation can be performed via cochlear implantation, when indicated. Overall, transmastoid labyrinthectomy provides high rates of relief from vertigo and remains the gold standard for surgical treatment of Meniere's disease.
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