Abstract
Transition from internal to surface crack initiation is controlled by oxidation assisted fatigue-crack process in the very-high-cycle fatigue regime. Between 760 and 1000 °C, single crack initiation site is associated with internal casting defect, followed by a crystallographic Stage I propagation. By contrast, multiple surface crack initiation sites appear at 1100 °C, as the consequence of internal oxide penetration. The fatal crack follows a Mode I propagation and oxygen can diffuse into the material along the crack path. γ′-phase depletion appears surrounding the oxidised and cracked regions, while localised rafting can occur close to the crack tip.
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