Abstract
This study aims at exploring the flows of transit migration to North Cyprus by type: whether or not it is labour, refugee or asylum. To determine that, the question of which push factors lay behind transit migration in the origin country tries to be answered. Also this study seeks to analyze origins, routes and destinations of transit migrants in TRNC from 2004 to 2008. In addition, the paper analyzes what kind of measures TRNC government was taking to deal with illegal transit migrants, human trafficking and smuggling through its borders, and how non-state institutions in TRNC considered and dealt with transit migrants and especially refugees.
Highlights
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) has been attracting the flow of transit migrants in recent times
TRNC became a transit country where people from many countries try to migrate to EU countries, first to the Republic of Cyprus (RoC), illegally as labour migrants, refugee or asylum seekers
This study aims at exploring the flows of transit migration to North Cyprus by type: whether or not it is labour, refugee or asylum
Summary
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) has been attracting the flow of transit migrants in recent times. Refugee and asylum seeker interchangeably and analyzing all three categories under the concept of refugee leads to this common conclusion: “Refugee is someone who was forced to leave his hometown and bear some threats in order to live in a safe region” Another definition stated that “Refugees are often considered as people who lost their home, family connections, friendships, social environments and financial assistances”. W Europe began to rise in the early 1980s, partly no doubt because of the closing down of the migration channel, the immediate response of states was to introduce so-called ‘restrictive asylum practices' - visa restrictions, carrier sanctions, safe third country and safe country of origin concepts, narrower interpretations of the 1951 Convention These restrictions were successfully evaded by a large numbers of migrants using transnational social networks, new transport and communication technologies and people smugglers. The Afghan refugee crisis of the past twenty years, for example, has been superimposed on a history of seasonal economic migration, within the Central Asian region and beyond, going back hundreds of years (Ibid., pp. 52-53)
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