Abstract
The essence of the concept of «political opposition», its broad and narrow meaning are defined in the article. The principles of the political opposition in different political regimes, its role and characteristics of interaction with the authorities are considered. It the article indicated that system or non-system nature of the opposition depends on the type of political regime in which it operates. The factors of opposition’s intensification in Central and Eastern Europe are investigated. The role of the political opposition in the formation of social movements as a powerful forces in the fight against the ruling regime are analyzed. The peculiarities of the opposition in transition period are characterized. The main opposition movements and their importance in the transition from authoritarianism to democracy are viewed. The modern functions of political opposition in Central and Eastern European countries are considered in this article. Key words: opposition; transformation of political systems; anti-communist movements; political pluralism; democratization; reform; protest; revolution.
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