Transfer of scientific knowledge through training programs for advisors in the field of animal husbandry

Climate change cooperation projects in the Congo Basin are often rooted in a paradigm based on scientific knowledge transfer between north and south. Their outputs, however, have often been criticized by both policymakers and scientists in Central African countries who claim that the projects are not contributing to the development of the Congo Basin. This study used the Research-Integration-Utilization framework to identify and document how the combination of power imbalances and misalignment of actors’ incentives undermined the capacity building potential of a large, multi-year north–south knowledge transfer project. Using data from documents, interviews and participant observation, we found that, under the umbrella of a development project, experts from developed countries pushed the specific aims of research toward global modelling instead of focusing on local impacts on land use in the Congo Basin, which were the primary concerns of stakeholders in the area. Moreover, both the integration and utilization phases were undermined by the power imbalance and resulted in a product of little relevance or utility for Congo Basin countries. Key policy insights As currently conducted, north–south scientific climate change knowledge transfer is not substantially supporting either the development prospects or the capacity building needs of Congo Basin countries. The main cause of this problem lies in domination of the scientific climate change knowledge transfer process by power games, along with misalignment of actors’ incentives. Identifying the interests and agendas of all actors at the integration stage before the research stage would be a useful strategy for such projects moving forward.

There is a strong scholarly consensus that scientific expertise plays an important role in addressing complex and uncertain issues in environmental governance. It is expected that when scientific ideas are put into practice, they should significantly contribute to the improvement of environmental solutions and a better science should lead to a better policy. However, such a perspective is rare in practice. There have been many efforts to explain the transfer of scientific knowledge from various perspectives. In this dissertation, Do Thi Huong uses a novel theoretical model of scientific knowledge transfer (RIU model) to explore limits of scientific knowledge transfer in cases of nature conservation in Vietnam, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, and Sweden with a great focus on three factors: Research, Integration, and Utilization. This dissertation consists of Do Thi Huong's four constitutive publications and a literature review of publications based on the RIU model from Germany, Indonesia, Japan, and Sweden. The dissertation focuses on three research questions: 1. What are the limits of scientific knowledge transfer? 2. Which factors determine the limits for scientific knowledge transfer according to RIU model? 3. Are these factors independent of each other? The RIU model served as a theoretical foundation for this dissertation. The RIU model predominantly follows the idea that policies are the result of co-production between scientific arguments and political reasoning. In the RIU model, knowledge transfer process is defined as a connection of three spheres: Research (R), Integration (I), and Utilization (U), each of which follows an individual logic. With the differentiation between research, integration, and utilization, typical activities of scientific knowledge transfer, based on different rationalities, can be analyzed and explained. Nevertheless, there is still the question of whether the factors limiting research, integration, and utilization depend on each other or they are independent of each other. This means whether a high amount of scientific statements causes much utilization always or they are independent of each other. The basic assumption of the RIU model is that the factors of research, integration, and utilization are independent of each other in limiting the transfer of knowledge. Do Thi Huong takes this assumption and formulates a leading hypothesis of her synthesis dissertation: The factors of research, integration, and utilization determine independently from each other the transfer of scientific knowledge. This dissertation was conducted using a meta-analysis of 15 publications based on the RIU model in five countries including Vietnam, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, and Sweden. The independence of research, integration, and utilization could be tested through direct hypotheses and indirect hypotheses in all 15 cases. The primary analysis of this dissertation consists of Do Thi Huong's four constitutive articles that relied principally on two sources of data: document analysis and semi-structured expert interviews. During the last four years, Do Thi Huong has conducted two field studies in Vietnam between October 2015 and February 2016, and between May and August 2017. She used the triangulation method (data, methodology, and investigator) for increasing study credibility. Qualitative content analysis and stakeholder analysis were also conducted to analyze all collected documents and role of actors with the aim of testing the hypotheses in particular cases studies in Vietnam. The results show that, first, there are five hypotheses that directly support the independence from each other of research, integration and utilization activities in the RIU model. These hypotheses have been examined in the comparative studies on forest policy development between Japan and Sweden, case studies of the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, and case studies of fishery management in Indonesia. All five hypotheses are supported by empirical evidence of the case studies. Second, independence of research, integration, and utilization is tested indirectly. The truth table formulates eight combinations of research, integration, and utilization. Out of these, five are supported by empirical evidence of cases in Vietnam, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, and Sweden. These results indicate that the research, integration, and utilization are independent of each other in the investigated cases. One important consequence of independence is that a big amount of research does not necessarily lead to effective integration or utilization and vice versa. Third, by applying the RIU model, the limiting factors of knowledge transfer could be identified within research, integration, and utilization. The RIU model is a useful tool to particularly indicate these limitations and give recommendations to improve research or/and integration or/and utilization in an effort to enhance science – based policy support. Fourth, since the factors of research, integration, and utilization determine independently from each other the transfer of scientific knowledge, the author emphasizes the importance of checking all three factors to assess the transfer of scientific knowledge in practice.

In order to identify the main directions of student entrepreneurial projects in the field of animal husbandry and treatment, an analysis of student startups supported by the Foundation for the Promotion of Innovation in 2024 was conducted, and its results are presented. In 2024, the Innovation Promotion Fund supported 111 (4.8%) startups in the field of animal husbandry and treatment, represented by 41 universities. The majority of startups are implemented in the field of Biotechnology (83.8%). Thematically, all the analyzed startups represent three main groups: Veterinary Medicine and Animal Welfare (35.1%), Feed and Feed Additives (34.2%), and Animal Husbandry and Breeding Technologies (30.6%). In most universities (56.1%), the foundation has supported one startup project in the field of animal husbandry (treatment). a total of 32 projects (28.8%) were supported by three universities (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Kazan State Pedagogical University, and the State Agrarian University of the Northern Urals). In 37.0% of startup projects, the name of the animal species was not indicated. Among the names of startup projects indicating the type of animal, farm animals dominate (72.9%), companion animals are mentioned in 22.9% of the names.

The complementary use and transfer of empirical and scientific knowledge are essential for the holistic and sustainable management of fishing resources. To understand how both types of knowledge are transferred in fishing communities in three regions of Mexico, we conducted 120 in-depth interviews with young people, adults, and older adults who participated in various activities within fishing value networks. During the interviews, we identified who participated in transferring knowledge within communities, what lessons were passed on, what knowledge has been lost, and what scientific topics are known within the communities. We also investigated the sector’s most used means of communication to further explore the transfer of scientific and technical knowledge and the fundamental roles of external actors in transferring knowledge within communities. The information was coded, categorized, and analyzed for each question. The interviewees valued the continuity of inheriting traditional knowledge, which included teaching practical skills, such as fishing techniques and navigation, and transmitting values, traditions, and ways of understanding and relating to the marine environment. The interviewees perceived knowledge transfer as a bidirectional exchange of knowledge, ideas, and practices among generations. Furthermore, they recognized the value of external actors with scientific and technical knowledge in promoting innovation and adapting to new challenges. The combination of knowledge and perspectives enriches fisheries management and marine environmental conservation. Promoting the transfer of traditional and scientific knowledge is fundamental to building a future where fishing and marine life coexist in harmony and prosperity. The responsibility of supporting this integration falls on fishing communities and external actors. Working together in this collaborative learning process is the key to achieving sustainable resource management and ensuring the continuity of this valuable tradition for future generations. In doing so, these communities’ cultural and ecological richness can be preserved, ensuring a lasting balance between people and the sea.

With a growing global concern over food safety and animal welfare issues, the livestock and veterinary industries are undergoing unprecedented changes. These changes have not only brought challenges within each industry, but also brought unprecedented opportunities for development. In this context, the search for natural and safe products that can effectively replace traditional veterinary drugs has become an important research direction in the fields of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. Oregano essential oil (OEO), as a natural extract, is gradually emerging in the fields of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine with its unique antibacterial, antioxidant, and multiple other biological activities. OEO not only has a wide antibacterial spectrum, effectively fighting against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, but also, because of its natural properties, helps us to avoid traditional veterinary drugs that may bring drug residues or cause drug resistance problems. This indicates OEO has great application potential in animal disease treatment, animal growth promotion, and animal welfare improvement. At present, the application of OEO in the fields of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine has achieved preliminary results. Studies have shown that adding OEO to animal feed can significantly improve the growth performance and health status of animals and reduce the occurrence of disease. At the same time, pharmacokinetic studies in animals show that the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes of OEO in animals shows good bioavailability. In summary, oregano essential oil (OEO), as a substitute for natural veterinary drugs with broad application prospects, is gradually becoming a research hotspot in the field of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. In the future, we look forward to further tapping the potential of OEO through more research and practice and making greater contributions to the sustainable development of the livestock and veterinary industries.

The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the major life milestones and creative path of the recognized scientist in the field of animal husbandry, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Academician of UAAS V. P. Burkat. Research methods are general scientific (analysis, synthesis, classification), special historical (problematic-chronological, comparative-historical), biographical and source studies. The contribution of the scientist to the development of theoretical and methodological principles of breeding, selection, and biotechnology of reproduction of farm animals is substantiated. The important role of V. P. Burkat in the organization of domestic research work in animal husbandry, in particular, in the formation of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M.V. Zubets NAAS was proven. The scientific heritage of the scientist is systematized, the priority of his research on the formation of a systematic concept of the breed, linear breeding, development of genetic and biotechnological bases of selection in animal husbandry, the actualization of the problem of conservation and rational use of the farm animals, etc. is substantiated. The contribution of V. P. Burkat to the formation of the modern theory and methodology of breeding in dairy and beef cattle breeding, the breeding of specialized breeds and types of cattle is revealed. It is shown that among his scientist's methodological developments, the most significant is the method of creating the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed, which is the basis for the development of other specialized domestic breeds of dairy and beef production directions. The program of activities and achievements of established by V.P. Burkat of the scientific school "Breeding and Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry" is summarized. The scholar's scientific search for the popularization and representation of the history of agricultural science in Ukraine is highlighted.

Topicality. In modern conditions, science and technology play a decisive role in the effective development of the economies of advanced countries. At the same time, in Ukraine during the years of independence science has lost its influence on socio-economic development due to the lack of an effective system for converting research results into concrete economic achievements, and the state's inability to create the necessary conditions and incentives for knowledge transfer from scientific sphere to production. In contrast to the domestic practice of regulation, which is based on the linear model of innovation process (or "technology push" model), when innovation is understood as a process that begins with a new scientific research, progresses sequentially through the stages of development, production and successful sale of new products, processes and services in the market, in modern knowledge economy dominates an interactive model of innovation. According to this model innovations arise from the interaction between producers and consumers who share both codified and implicit knowledge, and knowledge transfer is considered as a complex, systematic process that involves interaction between different participants in the innovation process and involves the exchange and joint creation of knowledge. Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to form the proposition for the application of the system of regulatory instruments for scientific knowledge transfer to the national economy, according to the interactive model, which is based on the best practices of developed countries, namely: identification and characterization of the factors that determine the application of the system of instruments; classification of tools for regulating the transfer of scientific knowledge according to various criteria; formulation of proposals for the use of tools to stimulate the interaction of knowledge transfer stakeholders, depending on the knowledge transfer channel and the type of tool, in accordance with the linear and interactive models. Research results. The article examines the main factors that determine the use of a system of tools to regulate the transfer of scientific knowledge to the national economy on the basis of an interactive model, in particular: levels of regulation (supranational, national, regional, institutional); knowledge transfer channels (publications, protection of intellectual property rights; joint and contract research; scientific expertise; mobility of scientists; creation of spin-off companies); the latest trends in regulation (departure from linear models in favor of interactive; departure from static practices in favor of dynamic; digital transformation); diversification of regulatory tools (depending on the country's competitive advantages, research, industry). Tools for stimulating the interaction of knowledge transfer stakeholders are proposed, depending on the model of knowledge transfer and the knowledge transfer channel that corresponds to it, in particular, financial instruments - economic transfers from the state to firms, universities or research institutes, provided that they cooperate; regulatory tools - aimed at stimulating the various parties involved in the transfer of knowledge, including regulations affecting intellectual property rights, obtaining degrees by scientists, etc.; soft tools (tools for shaping the environment) - focused on facilitating relations between stakeholders, mobilization, networking, integration, building trust. Conclusion. The promotion of scientific knowledge transfer activities in Ukraine should be done through the implementation of an interactive regulatory model, which is to introduce a system of instruments to create a favorable environment for the exchange and joint creation of knowledge through financial, regulatory incentives for knowledge transfer stakeholders. Taking into account interactive approaches to knowledge transfer will contribute to the development of modern knowledge economy in Ukraine, and will speed up its integration into the global economic space on an innovative basis.

The purpose of the article is to highlight the scientific achievements of P. A. Trotskyi, the Master of Agriculture, the biotechnologist in the field of animal husbandry, and his contribution to the development of research in biotechnology, the preservation of the gene pool of agricultural animals. Research methods are general scientific (analysis, bibliographic), retrospective and source studies. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the presentation of the results of P. A. Trotskyi's scientific works, which contribute to solving the problem of preserving animal husbandry resources and improving methods of long-term preservation of genetic material. Among them: the development of new biotechnological methods of cryopreservation of gametes of farm animals to implement the objectives of the methodology of the Bank of Animal Genetic Resources at the cellular level using embryological genetics methods; the use of deconserved oocytes for the rational use of the genetic potential of highly productive and breeding females and obtaining more offspring from them. The researcher was directly involved in the development of methodological aspects of the preservation of the gene pool of farm animals, which include a description of the main stages of obtaining embryos of farm animals in vivo and in vitro, their quality assessment and cryopreservation procedures. One of the main ways of implementing industry-wide programs to preserve and maintain the diversity and specificity of gene pool objects is the functioning of the Bank of Animal Genetic Resources. Together with his colleagues, the scientist defined its role in programs of cryopreservation of genetic resources, described the main requirements for the physical structure of the bank, its tasks and functions in the system of preservation, reproduction and selection of agricultural animals. The results of P. A. Trotskyi's scientific developments were taken into account in the preparation of "Methods of scientific research on breeding, genetics and biotechnology in animal husbandry" (2005) and "Program for the preservation of the gene pool of the main species of agricultural animals in Ukraine for the period until 2015" (2009). With the participation of the scientist, a cryocollection of 44 eggs of the Myrhorod breed was created in the Bank of Animal Genetic Resources, which is necessary for the accelerated recovery and preservation of local pig breeds of Ukraine. Based on the functioning of the Bank, the methodology of cryopreservation of genetic resources of agricultural animals will be implemented, including as "virtual gene pool cryoherds".

Under modern conditions of agrarian production, especially during the post-wartime recovery of Ukraine, it will be extremely important to find effective models of management that ensure sustainability, competitiveness, and the development of rural areas. One such model is the cluster approach in animal husbandry, which is based on the unification of producers, processors, logistics companies, research institutions, and authorities around common economic interests. In this context, as the formation of clusters becomes relevant in the terms of European integration processes, domestic animal husbandry must adapt to the requirements of quality, safety, and environmental responsibility. Therefore, researching the mechanisms of creation and effective functioning of clusters in the animal husbandry sector is not only scientifically substantiated but also practically necessary. The aim of this publication is to examine the theoretical and methodological approaches to the essence of cluster associations and their significance in the field of animal husbandry and the processing of animal products. The article surveys the essential features and approaches to defining the concept of «cluster». The article explores the essence of clusters in the context of agro-industrial production development and reveals the aspects of clustering that contribute to the sustainable development of the agrarian sector of the national economy in Ukraine. The article identifies the general economic and social prerequisites for the formation of clusters as innovation-oriented business structures. It is proved that the cluster approach serves as one of the key tools for enhancing the competitiveness of the agrarian sector, effective resource management, and the implementation of innovations in livestock and agro-processing. It is noted that the functioning of cluster associations integrates a number of key elements: innovation system, technical and technological infrastructure, multi-sectoral and multifunctional character, organizational and managerial integration, cluster core, rational planning, marketing and sales infrastructure, investment project design, and financial engineering mechanisms. The cluster serves as a comprehensive platform for the transformation of the livestock industry, capable of ensuring sustainable productivity growth; reducing costs per unit of product; deep processing and increasing added value; integration into global supply chains; and ecological modernization of production.

This article argues that Gossuin de Metz’s Image du monde is indebted to both the Latin encyclopedic tradition and vernacular narrative, particularly the romances of Chrétien de Troyes. As the first vernacular encyclopedia, the Image du monde forges space as a new genre by combining these previous forms through the key notion of translatio studii. Not only is the medieval encyclopedia dependent on the transfer of knowledge from one language and culture to another, but Gossuin’s deployment of the translatio topos throughout his work evokes vernacular narratives. In this way, the Image du monde performs a transmission of learning from Latin to the vernacular as well as a transfer of scientific knowledge from a clerical audience to a broader audience familiar with narrative. The three different redactions of the Image du monde, although not all attributed to Gossuin, relate to Old French narratives particularly through the prosification of romance.

The purpose of the study is to reveal, through a socio-philosophical analysis, a system of fundamental features that will determine the activities of veterinarians and livestock specialists in a new type of industrial society (NIO 2.0). The scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematic presentation of the professional competencies of specialists in the field of animal husbandry, explicated from the set of requirements of R&D 2.0, structured by the author (by means of the method of comparison with the medieval past), for the economic aspect of human life. As a result, personal and professional qualities are presented that are necessary for specialists in the field of animal husbandry in order to be in demand by a new type of economy. The factors hindering the process of their successful adaptation to the realities of the digital industry are identified, and ways to eliminate them are outlined. As part of the prospects for further research, the need for a targeted study of the personal qualities and competencies of specialists in the field of animal husbandry is emphasized.

This topic is devoted to restoring the logistics of animal husbandry in the de-occupied territories of Ukraine after military conflicts. It highlights crucial aspects related to losses in the livestock sector due to the occupation, including the destruction of infrastructure, loss of livestock, and reduced production. Based on the analysis of the current situation, specific measures are proposed to restore logistics in this area. In particular, the article examines the possibilities of creating new and restoring existing livestock farms, introducing modern technologies in the field of animal husbandry, as well as state support in the form of financial assistance and training programs for local farmers. The importance of supporting export routes for producers of livestock products on the international market is substantiated. This article is essential for understanding the problems that arise from military operations and occupation, as well as highlighting ways to overcome these problems in animal husbandry in the de-occupied territories of Ukraine. The main task of this study is to determine ways to restore the logistics of animal husbandry in the de-occupied territories of Ukraine after military conflicts. To achieve this goal, an analysis of the current state was carried out, and the main problems preventing the recovery of this industry were identified. Livestock logistics plays a vital role in the development of the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy. However, in de-occupied areas of the country, such as conflict zones or temporarily occupied territories, livestock logistics often become a complex problem. In this regard, it is essential to consider how to restore livestock logistics in such territories and determine possible strategies for overcoming these challenges. Restoring the logistics of animal husbandry in the de-occupied territories of Ukraine is a complex but essential task for stabilizing the economic and social development of the regions. Joint efforts of the state, local authorities, agricultural enterprises, and international partners are necessary to develop and implement effective strategies for the restoration of livestock logistics, which will contribute to the sustainable development of these territories. Keywords: logistics, animal husbandry, food security, de-occupied territories, technologies, recovery, resources.

The needs of animal protein especially of meats, is increasing from year to year in line with the rising numbers of people as well as an enhanced awareness of Indonesian people about fulfilling the nutrition. One of the efforts can be done to get fresh meat for consumption at their own volition was by raising the standard of the population and productivity of low class ruminants to set up their cattle on a more sustainable path. The purpose of this activity was proposed the framework for the landscape of a planning at the office of KAPITAN that serves as a means of the dissemination of technological innovations, a place to conduct field studies and mean engineering technology and shall be promulgated by the application of the concept of GFP. Material and methode to materialize this needs to be a manual the cultivation of its beef cattle (Good Farming Practices). The concept of GFP is the application of the efficiency of production with must pay attention to the environmental factors in the business of a farm. Several factors that must be considered include cattle that are reared, feed given, the management of the cost of maintenance, left the care of his facilities as well as the surrounding environment. The concept of GFP is the application of the efficiency of production with must pay attention to the environmental factors in the business of a farm. Several factors that must be taken care are its industrial activity among others cattle that are reared, feed given, the management of the cost of maintenance, the facilities of maintenance as well as the surrounding environment. Result and discussions, the application of the concept of GFP requires good managerial and qualified human resources to maintain under strict supervision and in a continuous way. The department for The Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) that plan to build “the area of the application of technological innovations of animal husbandry (KAPITAN) Prumpung Gunung Sindur Bogor districts” is trying to participate in the application of the concept of GFP. Conclusion, Kapitan Prumpung is expected to beneficial in helping on the development of food security in the delivery of animal protein origin of ruminants through innovation in the field of animal husbandry and the increase in human resources of animal husbandry Keywords: Husbandry Landscape, Good Farming Practices, Environmental Friendly

Public research institutions and scientists are principal actors in the production and transfer of scientific knowledge, technologies and innovations for application in industry as well for social and economic development. Based on the relevance of science and technology actors, the aim of this study was to identify and explain factors in research governance that influence scientific knowledge production and to contribute to empirical discussions on the impact levels of different governance models and structures. These discussions appear limited and mixed in the literature, although still are ongoing. No previous study has examined the possible contribution of the scientific committee model of research governance to scientific performance at the individual level of the scientist. In this context, this study contributes to these discussions, firstly, by suggesting that scientific committee structures with significant research steering autonomy could contribute not only directly to scientific output but also indirectly through moderating effects on research practices. Secondly, it is argued that autonomous scientific committee structures tend to play a better steering role than do management-centric models and structures of research governance.

The study assessed the awareness and adoption behavior of the tribal respondents belonging to the Kotagiri and Udhagamandalam blocks of the Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu with respect to indigenous practices in animal husbandry and assessed the rationality of the Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK). Three tribal communities viz. Todas, Kotas and Irulas were selected for the study thus comprising 180 as sample of the study. A multistage random sampling method was adopted for the study. The results revealed that the majority of the ITKs had rationality mean scores above 2.5, revealing their wider usage and application in the field of animal husbandry. Turmeric was used to cure ‘bumblefoot’ in chickens, followed by cinnamon which is widely used as a form of oral medicine with feed to poultry. The tribals cured FMD of animals by giving them spider eggs and the ragi flour viz. The rotten horn was cut away with a backstaw leaving a 4cm stub. Traditional knowledge is built on everyday observation and transmitted from the older generation to the young generation through word of mouth. Although, this is more effective in their habitat, it is believed to be totally unscientific and unreliable because it is not recorded. This is recorded only in the minds of the people. The main novelty of this research work is to document and validate the indigenous practices of the tribal communities which are compatible with their traditions and culture. Thus such documented and meaningfully validated indigenous technologies could be promoted among other tribes and farmers of other localities.