Abstract
Brønsted acid ionic liquids were employed for the preparation of biodiesel using waste oil as the feedstock. It was found that IL 1–(3–sulfonic acid)propyl–3–methylimidazole hydrosulfate–[HO3S-pmim]HSO4 was an efficient catalyst for the reaction under the optimum conditions: n(oil):n(methanol) 1:12, waste oil 15.0 g, ionic liquid 2.0 g, reaction temperature 120 oC and reaction time 8 h, the yield of biodiesel was more than 96%. The reusability of the ionic liquid was also investigated. When the ionic liquid was repeatedly used for five times, the yield of product was still more than 93%. Therefore, an efficient and environmentally friendly catalyst was provided for the synthesis of biodiesel from waste oils. KEY WORDS: Biodiesel, Ionic liquid, Waste oil, Catalysis Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2013, 27(2), 289-294.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v27i2.14
Highlights
Biodiesel, which is prepared from vegetable oil and animal fat through the transesterification of triglyceride with methanol, has been attracted considerable attention during the past decade [1, 2]
The transesterification of waste oil was investigated in the presence of Brønsted acid Ionic liquids (ILs)
It was found that ILs could accelerate the reaction and [HO3S-pmim]HSO4 exhibited an outstanding catalytic performance
Summary
Biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME), which is prepared from vegetable oil and animal fat through the transesterification of triglyceride with methanol, has been attracted considerable attention during the past decade [1, 2]. In order to reduce the production costs and to make it competitive with petroleum diesel, low-cost feedstocks, such as non-edible oil and waste frying oil, may be used as raw materials [4,5,6]. These low-cost feedstocks usually contain significant amounts of free fatty acids, which pose significant processing problems in the process of the reaction. Cole firstly synthesized Brønsted acidic functionalized ILs and used them as solvent-catalysts in the esterifications, the results showed that acidic functionalized ILs could be reused for at least five times without significant loss of its activity in synthesis of ethyl acetate [11]. The catalytic activity for reaction and the reuse performance of Brønsted acid IL 1-(3-sulfonic acid)propyl-3methylimidazole hydrosulfate ([HO3S-pmim][HSO4]) were examined
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