Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the transcripts of length longer than 200 nucleotides. They are involved in the regulation of various biological activities. Leghorn and Fayoumi breeds of Gallus gallus were known to be having differential resistance against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) infection. Differentially expressed genes which were thought to be involved in this pattern of resistance were already studied. Here we report the analysis of the transcriptomic data of Harderian gland of Gallus gallus for studying the lncRNAs involved in regulation of these genes. Using bioinformatics approaches, a total of 37,411 lncRNAs were extracted and 359 lncRNAs were differentially expressing. Functional annotation using co-expression analysis revealed the involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of various pathways. We also identified 1232 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the genes interacting with lncRNA. Additionally, we identified the role of lncRNAs as putative micro RNA precursors, and the interaction of differentially expressed Genes with transcription factors and micro RNAs. Our study revealed the role of lncRNAs during host response against NDV infection which would facilitate future experiments in unravelling regulatory mechanisms of development in the genetic improvement of the susceptible breeds of Gallus gallus.
Highlights
Abbreviations Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) Long non-coding RNA DPC Days post challenge DEGs Differentially expressed genes DElncRNAs Differentially expressed lncRNAs Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Newcastle disease virus
Long non-coding RNAs are a family of non-coding regulatory RNAs which play a vital role in various biological processes, including host responses against different pathogens
The lncRNAs were less known in host responses against viruses especially in Leghorn and Fayoumi breeds of Gallus gallus domesticus
Summary
Abbreviations lncRNA Long non-coding RNA DPC Days post challenge DEGs Differentially expressed genes DElncRNAs Differentially expressed lncRNAs NDV Newcastle disease virus. Recent studies are showing that long non-coding RNA are involved in various cellular activities and have potential to contribute towards disease resistance mechanisms. Some lncRNAs contain introns and undergo splicing similar to messenger R NA2. They do not encode any proteins, they are involved in various cellular activities. Long non-coding RNAs are involved in various activities like chromatin modification, molecular scaffolding, reduction of micro RNA activity by complementary base pairing (Sponging effect), enhancement or suppression of the gene expression by guiding transcription factors to the promoter sequences or by preventing them from binding, alteration of splicing patterns of genes or their degradation similar to micro RNA4. Intronic lncRNAs are the transcripts located in the intronic region of protein coding genes. Relatively few lncRNAs have been functionally characterized, increasing evidence suggests an important role of these transcripts
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