Abstract
Background and aims Kandelia obovata, a dominant mangrove species in China, produces complex buttress roots and prop roots in intertidal wetlands where high quantities of nitric oxide (NO) are produced by reducing sediments. NO, a key signaling molecule, participates in an array of plant physiological and developmental processes. However, it is unclear whether NO functions in K. obovata root system establishment.MethodsHere, we used a transcriptomic approach to investigate the potential role of NO in the regulation of K. obovata lateral root development and growth. Transcript profiles and bioinformatics analyses were used to characterize potential regulatory mechanisms.ResultsApplication of exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP, an NO donor) enhanced K. obovata lateral root development and growth in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effects of SNP were abolished by the addition of cPTIO (NO scavenger). RNA-seq analysis identified 1,593 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 646 and 947 were up- and down-regulated in roots treated with NO donor. Functional annotation analysis demonstrated that the starch and sucrose pathway was significantly induced in response to NO. A suite of DEGs involved in hormone signal transduction and cell wall metabolism was also differentially regulated by NO. Taken together, our results suggest that a complex interaction between energy metabolism, multiple hormone signaling pathways, and cell wall biosynthesis is required for the NO regulation on lateral root development and growth in mangrove plant K. obovata.ConclusionNO appears to contribute to the formation of the unique root system of mangrove plants.
Highlights
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small gaseous signaling molecule that has aroused the interest of plant scientists during the last decade because of its versatile roles in multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, including heavy metal stress (Li et al 2018), waterlogging (Chen et al 2016), drought (Mata and Lamattina 2001), and high salinity (Shen et al 2018)
Functional annotation analysis demonstrated that the starch and sucrose pathway was significantly induced in response to nitric oxide (NO)
Our results suggest that a complex interaction between energy metabolism, multiple hormone signaling pathways, and cell wall biosynthesis is required for the NO regulation on lateral root development and growth in mangrove plant K. obovata
Summary
Nitric oxide (NO) is a small gaseous signaling molecule that has aroused the interest of plant scientists during the last decade because of its versatile roles in multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, including heavy metal stress (Li et al 2018), waterlogging (Chen et al 2016), drought (Mata and Lamattina 2001), and high salinity (Shen et al 2018). Increasing evidence suggests that NO participates in plant root development and growth. NO was reported to promote waterlogging tolerance in the euhalophyte Suaeda salsa by enhancing adventitious root formation through increases in endogenous NO production and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity (Chen et al 2016). NO, a key signaling molecule, participates in an array of plant physiological and developmental processes. It is unclear whether NO functions in K. obovata root system establishment
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