Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify prognosis-related differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). By analysis of high-throughput whole-transcriptome sequencing data, the levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs between CAG and chronic non-atrophic gastritis were compared pairwisely. In total, 97,282 lncRNA transcripts and 20,307 mRNA transcripts were acquired, including 50 upregulated and 66 downregulated lncRNAs and 377 upregulated and 763 downregulated mRNAs in CAG (p < 0.05, fold change ≥ 2). Moreover, the interactions of the differentially expressed genes in CAG were investigated by gene ontology enrichment analysis, showing that the enriched genes are involved in many biological processes, such as MAP kinase activity, heat generation, and protein modification processes. Through the construction of co-expression networks of the differentially expressed genes in CAG, three critical lncRNAs nodes were identified as potential key factors in CAG. Eight mRNAs common in both the co-expression network and the protein–protein interaction network were selected via Venn analysis, including DGKA, EIF6, HKDC1, DHRS11, 1, KRT15, TESPA1, and CDHR2. Finally, the expression levels of five differentially expressed lncRNAs in CAG were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, this study presents novel promising biomarkers for the diagnosis of CAG.
Highlights
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) involves chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that is characterized by atrophy of the gastric mucosa, loss of intrinsic glands, and intestinal metaphasia
We systematically analyzed the expression characteristics of these long ncRNA (lncRNA) and mRNA regarding their distribution in terms of length
According to the relative chromosomal position of the coding gene, lncRNAs can be classified into six broad categories: exonsense-overlapping, intronic antisense, intergenic, natural antisense, intron sense-overlapping, and bidirectional (Guo et al, 2018)
Summary
Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) involves chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that is characterized by atrophy of the gastric mucosa, loss of intrinsic glands, and intestinal metaphasia. The most common symptoms of CAG include upper abdominal pain, abdominal distension, abdominal discomfort, and anorexia. Chronic gastritis is divided into two categories, i.e., nonatrophic and atrophic. The process of chronic non-atrophic gastritis (CNAG) has been proposed to occur through three stages: glandular atrophy, metaphasia dysplasia, and, gastric cancer (GC; Correa, 1988, 1992). The incidence and mortality of GC in China are falling, GC is still the second leading cause of death in China, according to reports from the National Central Cancer Registry of China (Chen et al, 2016; Bray et al, 2018).
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