Abstract
BackgroundDaphnis nerii cypovirus-23 (DnCPV-23) is a new type of cypovirus and has a lethal effect on the oleander hawk moth, Daphnis nerii which feeds on leave of Oleander and Catharanthus et al. After DnCPV-23 infection, the change of Daphnis nerii responses has not been reported.MethodsTo better understand the pathogenic mechanism of DnCPV-23 infection, 3rd-instar Daphnis nerii larvae were orally infected with DnCPV-23 occlusion bodies and the transcriptional responses of the Daphnis nerii midgut were analyzed 72 h post-infection using RNA-seq.ResultsThe results showed that 1979 differentially expressed Daphnis nerii transcripts in the infected midgut had been identified. KEGG analysis showed that protein digestion and absorption, Toll and Imd signaling pathway were down-regulated. Based on the result, we speculated that food digestion and absorption in insect midgut might be impaired after virus infection. In addition, the down-regulation of the immune response may make D. nerii more susceptible to bacterial infections. Glycerophospholipid metabolism and xenobiotics metabolism were up-regulated. These two types of pathways may affect the viral replication and xenobiotic detoxification of insect, respectively.ConclusionThese results may facilitate a better understanding of the changes in Daphnis nerii metabolism during cypovirus infection and serve as a basis for future research on the molecular mechanism of DnCPV-23 invasion.
Highlights
The oleander hawk moth, Daphnis nerii (D. nerii), belongs to Lepidoptera, Sphingidae family, is a worldwide pest [1]
Virus infection of the samples Prior to the transcriptome analysis, qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of the DnCPV-23 segments 1 (S1) and S10 genes in the infected and uninfected samples
DnCPV infection may destroy the functions of digestion and the absorption of midguts, which causes the disturbance of protein and amino acid metabolism in D. nerii [13, 28]
Summary
The oleander hawk moth, Daphnis nerii (D. nerii), belongs to Lepidoptera, Sphingidae family, is a worldwide pest [1]. DnCPV-23 was isolated from naturally diseased D. nerii larvae. This was a new type of cypovirus based on different electrophoretic migration patterns and conserved terminal sequences [1, 5, 6]. In addition to Daphnis nerii, it has been found that DnCPV-23 can induce infection and death in many species of Sphingidae insects, such. Daphnis nerii cypovirus-23 (DnCPV-23) is a new type of cypovirus and has a lethal effect on the oleander hawk moth, Daphnis nerii which feeds on leave of Oleander and Catharanthus et al After DnCPV-23 infection, the change of Daphnis nerii responses has not been reported
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