Abstract
The ethylene receptor 1 (ETR1) of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) plays critical roles in modulating expression of defense response genes during the developmental processes of plants. To examine the function of the ETR1 gene in NaCl stress tolerance, cell lines of A. thaliana, white pine (Pinus strobes L.), and rice (Oryza sativa L.) overexpressing ETR1 were generated using Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. Physiological analysis of transgenic cell lines showed that overexpression of ETR1 increased cell viability and growth rate and decreased the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). Biochemical analysis of transgenic cell lines demonstrated that overexpression of ETR1 enhanced tolerance to NaCl stress by regulating expression of a set of defense response genes including of CTR1, EIN2, MPK11, EIN3, ERF1, BREB2A, NAC6, PDF1.2, WRKY13, bZIP23, ABI5, and LEA3. In rice cells, overexpression of FUS3 counteracts ETR1 enhanced expression of defense response genes under NaCl stress, and overexpression of SCFTIR1 reduces ETR1 enhanced expression of defense response genes under NaCl stress. Altogether, our results suggest that overexpression of ETR1 enhanced NaCl stress tolerance of transgenic plant cells by decreasing lipid peroxidation and by regulating expression of defense response genes.
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