Abstract
The Fusarium mycotoxins fumonisin B 1 (FB 1) (1) and B 2 (FB 2) (2), their hydrolysed analogues HFB 1 (3) and HFB 2 (4) and the recently discovered fumonisin derivatives N-palmitoyl-HFB 1 (5) and N-carboxymethyl-FB 1 (6) were compared for their toxicity in a short term bioassay using brine shrimp ( Artemia salina). The brine shrimp were hatched in artificial sea water and exposed to the fumonisins in microwell plates with a mortality endpoint after 48 hours. LC 50 values were calculated after Probit transformation of the resulting data. Of the substances tested, fumonisin B 1 emerged to be the most toxic whereas its N-carboxymethyl analogue was 100-fold less effective. The hydrolysed fumonisins showed a four- to sixfold reduced toxicity compared to FB 1. N-Palmitoyl-HFB 1 had a higher LC 50 value than its precursor HFB 1. The brine shrimp assay proved to be a convenient and rapid system for toxicity assessment of this group of mycotoxins.
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