Abstract
Mesoporous MCM-41 molecular sieves containing f-block transition elements (gadolinium) with various Si/Gd ratios (50, 75 and 100) were synthesised by a hydrothermal method. Their mesoporous structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The local environment of Gd in the material was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance. The compatibility of the catalyst for the synthesis of uniform diameter CNTs by varying the temperature from 400 to 650°C with fixed flow rates of N2 and C2H2 (140 ml/min and 40 ml/min, respectively). The product is mostly metal containing thin MWCNTs with diameter of 10∼20 nm. Characterisation shows that a combination of Gd-MCM-41 (100) catalyst gives a high yield of high quality MWCNTs under optimum growth conditions.
Highlights
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attractive materials for applications in future LSI interconnects because of their excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties
The physico-chemical characteristics of the Gd incoporated MCM-41 materials that were used for the synthesis of carbon nanotubes were investigated by means of XRD, N2 sorption studies, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), SEM, TEM and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis
The results show that the combination of Gd-MCM-41 (100) catalyst exhibits highly selective and high yield of uniform diameter of MWCNTs under optimized conditions that too at low reaction time (10min)
Summary
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attractive materials for applications in future LSI interconnects because of their excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. CVD method is based on the thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon compounds over transition metal catalyst particles. It appears to be a simple and economic technique to synthesize this kind of material at a low temperature, ambient pressure and it represents the best hope for large scale production. As a container, can deliver drugs with gate control to cells [12] with MRI capability one can have a very powerful imaging and drug delivery system In this present work, for the first time we used gadolinium metal support with MCM-41 as a sacrificing template for the synthesis of high quality and uniform diameter of multiwalled carbon nanotubes by low temperature CVD process. The formation of highly graphitized MWCNTs with metal particles was confirmed by XRD, TGA, SEM, TEM, HRTEM and Raman spectroscopy
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