Abstract
In this paper, we proposed LCX-MAC (local coordination X-MAC) as an extension of X-MAC. X-MAC is an asynchronous duty cycle medium access control (MAC) protocol. X-MAC used one important technique of short preamble which is to allow sender nodes to quickly send their actual data when the corresponding receivers wake up. X-MAC node keeps sending short preamble to wake up its receiver node, which causes energy, increases transmission delay, and makes the channel busy since a lot of short preambles are discarded, as these days Internet of Things (IoT) healthcare with different sensor nodes for the healthcare is time-critical applications and needs a quick response. A possible improvement over X-MAC is that local information of each node will share with its neighbour node. This local information exchanged will cause much less overhead than in the nodes which are synchronized. To calculate the effect of this the local coordination on X-MAC in this paper, we built an analytical model of LCX-MAC that incorporates the local coordination in X-MAC. The analytical results show that LCX-MAC outperformed X-MAC and X-MAC/BEB in terms of throughput, delay, and energy.
Highlights
As with rapid development in IoT healthcare devices, a large amount of data is transmitted over limited energy resources, so there is a requirement for IoT healthcare environment which mostly consists of wireless sensor nodes that collect different data from the environment [1, 2]
Busy medium by sending many short preambles has occurred because sender nodes have no information of their receiver nodes duty cycle information (X-medium access control (MAC) and X-MAC/binary exponential backoff (BEB) are asynchronous MAC protocols). e possible extension for this problem over X-MAC and X-MAC/ BEB is that each node exchanges wakeup information with its neighbour nodes so that a sender node has wakeup information of its receiver node
To investigate the performance of the MAC protocols with duty cycle behaviour, the authors [23] proposed a general mechanism consisting of two models: the first model for the duty cycle behaviour and the second model for the behaviour specific to any individual MAC protocol. e first Markov model is built according to the number of data frames stored in the buffer that reaches from the upper layer or set out to the underlying channel. e second model is built according to the medium access behaviour of an individual MAC protocol to send data frames
Summary
As with rapid development in IoT healthcare devices, a large amount of data is transmitted over limited energy resources, so there is a requirement for IoT healthcare environment which mostly consists of wireless sensor nodes that collect different data from the environment [1, 2]. Is research aims to develop an energy-efficient and low latency X-MAC protocol for IoT healthcare and WSNs. To reduce the duration of short preambles of X-MAC/BEB, we will synchronize the wakeup time of the nodes between source and destination. Busy medium by sending many short preambles has occurred because sender nodes have no information of their receiver nodes duty cycle information (X-MAC and X-MAC/BEB are asynchronous MAC protocols). It is important to note that the exchanges of this wakeup information will cause very low overhead compared to nodes synchronization used in synchronized MAC protocols Still, it will efficiently solve the busy medium problem as each sender node only sends one short preamble by knowing that its receiver node wakes up.
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