Toward an integrated sustainability framework for large sports venues: a multidimensional green model

The growing use of social media provides people with an amazing opportunity for online networking and connection. Social media is the term for web-based and mobile applications that make creating, communicating, and sharing content in a digital setting possible. Since mobile phones are more widely available for internet access, social media use is increasing in India's higher education institutions. Young people use Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, and Twitter more frequently than ever because of the widespread use of smartphones and reasonably priced internet connection. A large amount of study has been done on the significance of social media usage, but not much of it examines the factors that influence social media usage in developing countries such as India, especially when it comes to undergraduate students in Odisha. This study aims to investigate the characteristics that motivate Odisha undergraduate students to utilise social media and develop a social media usage scale using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and second order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and a second-order Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), therefore, provided an opportunity to illuminate the intricate structure of social media activity, showcasing its diversity and may be unveiling hitherto unnoticed trends. Four dimensions were found in the study that comprises the reasons why students use social media platforms: "Socialisation," "Information," "Education," and "Entertainment". Socialisation had the largest factor loading, showing that it was the key motivator for student involvement, followed by Entertainment, Information, and Education in descending order of influence.

The goal of this research was to create a partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM) with a second-order structural model to investigate the interaction between research-based methodologies and relationship factors that significantly influence learning satisfaction among university students. The instruments used in this study were a simple random sampling technique for structural equation model (SEM) analysis, while a quantitative process of survey data collection was manipulated through SPSS and Smart-PLS. The presented study attempted to explore whether teachers’ strategies are linked with their students for the students’ learning satisfaction. Thus, it represents the demands and expectations of two statistically significant common phenomena: research-based components and relationship approach components. This set of teaching techniques encourages university students and enhances their learning satisfaction. Moreover, this study explored teaching strategies that influence factors having a directly significant influence on learning satisfaction at university level. Each factor measures the relationship’s construct, proven to be a second-order SEM reflective model that is statistically significant. Our study explored learning satisfaction as an integral part of teaching strategies, by first- and second-order structural equation modeling, supported by students’ expectations, and the study’s empirical results provide potential implications for learning satisfaction.

Relationship between the factors influencing online help-seeking and self-regulated learning among Taiwanese preservice teachers

ABSTRACTDrawing on theories of stimulus overload and social interference, this study proposes a multidimensional way to measure tourists’ perceptions of crowding. Three dimensions of crowding are discussed: neutral, personal, and social. A second-order structural equation model is used to analyze the relationships among crowding perceptions, destination attractiveness, and satisfaction by surveying tourists at Mount Sanqingshan National Park (n = 424). The results of a covariance-based SEM show that tourists’ perception of crowding (TPC) has negative effects on reported attractiveness of the destination. However, TPC dose not directly affects their satisfaction. Results of this study refine the multidimensional connotation of TPC and provide another dimension to evaluate the quality of tourists’ experiences apart from the universal construct of satisfaction. The paper then goes on to discuss the importance of managing TPC.

Enhancing Resilience: Analyzing Its Impact with a Second-Order Structural Equation Model on Burnout Among Mexican University Students During COVID-19

The first purpose of this research is to study how and whether the joint use of lean production, value stream costing and accounting performance measures contribute to performance. Comparing a first-order and second-order structural equation model with survey data from 368 American production facilities, we find that lean production and management accounting practices (value stream costing and accounting measures of variance) collectively – rather than additively – affect performance. This finding indicates that organisations obtain greater performance by integrating lean production and management accounting practices into a system. The second purpose of this research is to determine whether the length of time organisations have employed lean production (‘time with lean’) moderates the joint effect of lean production and management accounting practices on performance. We find that the joint performance effect is positively moderated by the time with lean (i.e. we find a positive progressive learning curve). This contradicts the traditional wisdom on learning, which suggests that the benefits from learning are degressive. We argue that this positive moderation derives from the difficulty of understanding relations between multiple variables and the need for organisations to promote system-wide coherence via holistic changes.

Despite the fact that the relationship between quality practices and financial performance has been significantly addressed in managerial literature, few studies investigated mediators in this relationship, and very few of them focused on the ISO 9001 effectiveness. This study aimed at exploring both the relationship and the mediators between ISO 9001 effectiveness and financial performance of the Bosnian exporting companies. Based on the recent literature, a second-order structural equation model was proposed and tested. The empirical data were obtained from a questionnaire of 126 ISO 9001-certified Bosnian exporting companies. Once data were collected, factory data analysis was made in SPSS to purify scales through items' loadings and cronbach's alpha values. Afterwards, the resultant scales were tested for Convergent validity through partial least-square path modelling using Smart PLS 3 software. For confirmatory factor analysis purpose, individual evaluation of the first-order and second-order latent constructs, as well as model fit, was made. Results indicated that total effects of ISO 9001 effectiveness on financial performance were significant and positive, and that organizational learning capability fully mediated this relationship.

This study addresses a critical gap in educational technology research by simultaneously examining the internal and external determinants of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration in primary mathematics instruction. Using a second-order Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework, the study investigates how teachers’ attitudes and TPACK competencies (internal factors), alongside policy support, infrastructure, and community engagement (external factors), influence AI utilization among 516 primary school mathematics teachers in Jakarta, Indonesia. The results reveal that internal factors have a strong direct effect on AI utilization (β = 0.791; p < 0.001), while external factors exert a significant indirect influence via internal mediators (β = 0.217; p < 0.001), despite an insignificant direct effect (β = 0.008; p = 0.908). The model explains 78.1% of the variance in AI utilization (R² = 0.781) and shows high predictive relevance (Q² > 0.70). These findings underscore the pivotal role of teacher readiness in AI integration, with systemic support enhancing its effectiveness through internal capacity-building. The study contributes an empirically validated instrument and a comprehensive ecological model, offering actionable insights for policymakers and educators in developing nations pursuing ethical, equitable, and sustainable AI integration in primary education.

Fintech adoption drivers are relevant for tourism-supported culinary SMEs for a number of reasons, including sustainability, economic growth, and technological advancements. This study aims to confirm the fintech adoption drivers among tourism-supported culinary SMEs in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The study uses primary data collected through a survey. Forty-four experts from various relevant academic backgrounds were respondents to this study. Data were analyzed in multiple stages. First, data were analyzed using the univariate test by applying the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Second, data analysis proceeds to exploratory factor analysis to separate the drivers into several factors. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis was employed using a second-order structural equation model. The result shows that five of the thirteen drivers identified in the literature were deleted due to no expert agreement. Based on exploratory factor analysis, it was found that two factors were created as fintech adoption drivers: time reduction process and new customer attraction factor (factor 1), and ease of use, security, and cost reduction factor (factor 2). The third analysis using second-order smart_PLS indicates that the two factors were confirmed. It can be concluded that two factors drive fintech adoption: (i) time reduction process and new customer attraction factor, and (ii) ease of use, security, and cost reduction factor. AcknowledgmentThis research was funded by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, Republic of Indonesia (No. 186/E5/PG.02.00.PT/2023).We acknowledge the directorate of higher education, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, Republic of Indonesia, for research funding (No. 186/E5/PG.02.00.PT/2023). Our thanks are also directed to the Rector of Universitas Bung Hatta and anonymous reviewers of this article for constructive suggestions.

This paper reports the identification and modelling of four latent variables in the makeup of the professional repertoire of information systems professionals. The relative importance of work experience, soft skills, IS education, and non-IS education to four stakeholder groups, IS employers, professionals, students, and academics, is graphically and quantitatively represented through a second-order structural equation model. The model is simultaneously tested against the four stakeholder groups, the fit measures are the same for each of them, providing a commensurate basis for comparison. The fit measure values indicate an excellent fit, within accepted limits. The model provides a quantitative basis for identification of the relative importance of the respective variables to the education and career development of IS professionals. The model also includes features of the working environment which may influence the career choices and progress of IS graduates. Analysis of the shifts in importance attached to latent variables between groups may provide improved understanding of changing values and perceptions of IS professionals as careers develop and as individuals change stakeholder group membership.Key wordsInformation SystemsIS professionalIS graduatestechnical skillssoft skillshard skillsstructural model

Despite the fact that the relationship between quality practices and financial performance has been significantly addressed in managerial literature, few studies investigated mediators in this relationship, and very few of them focused on the ISO 9001 effectiveness. This study aimed at exploring both the relationship and the mediators between ISO 9001 effectiveness and financial performance of the Bosnian exporting companies. Based on the recent literature, a second-order structural equation model was proposed and tested. The empirical data were obtained from a questionnaire of 126 ISO 9001-certified Bosnian exporting companies. Once data were collected, factory data analysis was made in SPSS to purify scales through items' loadings and cronbach's alpha values. Afterwards, the resultant scales were tested for Convergent validity through partial least-square path modelling using Smart PLS 3 software. For confirmatory factor analysis purpose, individual evaluation of the first-order and second-order latent constructs, as well as model fit, was made. Results indicated that total effects of ISO 9001 effectiveness on financial performance were significant and positive, and that organizational learning capability fully mediated this relationship.

Cultivated land systems have an enormous ecological function value with respect to water conversation, nutrient circulation and climate regulation. The people’s cognition, willingness and behavior may prove to be pivotal in ecologically protecting cultivated land. The purpose of this paper is to explore suppliers’ and demanders’ cognition, willingness and behavior with respect to the ecological protection of cultivated land. The second-order structural equation model was employed, and a five-point Likert scale was designed. Based on data obtained from a questionnaire surveyed on a sample of 460 (farming and no-farming households) from Caidian district, Wuhan, China, the results show that within/between suppliers and demanders, there are mismatches in willingness as well as behavior to ecologically protect cultivated land. In the suppliers group and in the demanders group, there are mismatches with respect to the interactive mechanism of cognition, willingness and behavior in the ecological protection of cultivated land. Three factors, subjective norms, attitude toward behavior, and perceived behavior control, affect willingness and behavior with respect to protection differently between the suppliers and the demanders. The “intermediary” effects of willingness and behavior in the ecological protection of cultivated land only appear in the demanders model, and are not significant in the suppliers model. In addition, another finding was that farmers’ behavior as suppliers and demanders of ecological protection of cultivated land were mismatched. The article contributes firstly to exploring the ecological protection of cultivated land from the perspective of suppliers’ and demanders’ subjective psychology. Farmers with “dual roles” as suppliers and demanders should pay more attention to the ecological protection of cultivated land. Their cognition and skills in the ecological protection of cultivated land are in need of improvement. It is also necessary to bridge the gap between suppliers and demanders; access to the knowledge of the ecological value of cultivated land will incentivize their behavior with respect to the ecological protection of cultivated land.

Urban delivery demand continues to rise, intensifying last-mile logistics challenges and accelerating the transition from manual delivery to autonomous delivery robots (ADRs). This study investigates the behavioral mechanisms underlying consumers’ migration toward ADRs. Grounded in the socio-technical systems perspective, we integrate the Push–Pull–Mooring (PPM) model with Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) to explain how technological and social stimuli shape switching and continuance intentions through cognitive and emotional pathways. Survey data from 786 Chinese consumers, analyzed using second-order structural equation modeling, support the proposed framework. The results indicate that dissatisfaction with manual delivery (push) and perceived benefits of ADRs (pull) significantly enhance both switching and continuance intentions. Outcome expectancy positively predicts switching intention but negatively predicts continuance intention. Technophobia reduces switching intention but does not significantly influence continuance. Moreover, social norms moderate key relationships, highlighting the role of external social influence in technology transition. This study extends PPM research into the smart logistics context, introduces socio-cognitive mechanisms into technology switching analysis, and conceptually distinguishes switching and continuance intentions as separate constructs. The findings offer practical guidance for ADR developers and policymakers by emphasizing strategies to reduce emotional resistance, enhance social endorsement, and promote the sustainable adoption of autonomous delivery technologies.

In order to expand virtual retailing market, it is important to consider consumer-level opinion toward online stores and its relation to market-level measures of performance, such as marketing strategies, channel brand impression and customer online store loyalty intention. In this research, three online stores are selected as the research targets. A questionnaire survey is conducted to verify the determinant effects of firms marketing strategies and channel brand impression on loyalty intention toward online stores among consumers using second-order structural equation modeling (SEM) methods. The findings of this study suggest that online stores to the following: first, intensify emotional appeal in their advertising strategy; second, sell international brand products in the context of a brand alliance strategy; and third, develop channel brand impression helpful to the online store loyalty intention of consumers.   Key words: Pricing, brand impression, online store, structural equation modeling.

Buying fresh food on online has become a trend recently, while the early morning fresh food delivery market shows a great growth potential. In this paper, we examine the relationship among customization, service quality and intention to use. A second-order Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) and Baron & Kenny