Abstract
Organizations suffer more than ever from the inability to securely manage the information system, despite their myriad efforts. By introducing a real cyberattack of a bank, this research analyzes the characteristics of modern cyberattacks and simulates the dynamic propagation that makes them difficult to manage. It develops a self-adaptive framework that through simulation, distinctly improves cyberdefense efficiency. The results illustrate the discrepancies of the previous studies and validate the use of a time-based self-adaptive model for cybersecurity management. The results further show the significance of human and organizational learning effects and a coordination mechanism in obtaining a highly dependable cyberdefense setting. This study also provides an illuminating analysis for humans to position themselves in the collaborations with increasingly intelligent agents in the future.
Highlights
A London graph server took control of 41 automatic teller machines (ATMs) from 10,000 kilometers away to dispense cash to waiting bagmen at 22 different branches
In addition to Taiwan, other affected regions included Britain, Estonia, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Spain, and Thailand (Ferry, 2017; Huang, 2016). This cyberattack was initially confusing because the victim bank is a state-owned cyber-secure model and has ISO 27001 and ISO 20000 dual certification, which indicates that it has implemented necessary security such as antivirus software, an intrusion detection and prevention (IDP) system, and advanced firewalls and has conducted periodic cyberattack exercises
For a closed-loop autonomous system (AS), we focus mostly on stability because the embedded logic and rules are predefined by external administrators
Summary
A London graph server took control of 41 automatic teller machines (ATMs) from 10,000 kilometers away to dispense cash to waiting bagmen at 22 different branches. Traditionally considered secure and closed, are designed for limited communication with reliable connections In this case, they became paths of invasion and even help malware spread to another isolated, closed network—the ATMs. For system architects, the aforementioned infiltration clearly revealed a serious warning sign: the intrusion successfully penetrated the closed environment and acquired sufficient privilege to learn the system’s hierarchical structure, and deceived the monitoring mechanism to engage in more espionage activities. The aforementioned infiltration clearly revealed a serious warning sign: the intrusion successfully penetrated the closed environment and acquired sufficient privilege to learn the system’s hierarchical structure, and deceived the monitoring mechanism to engage in more espionage activities Without the occurrence of such attacks, people would not be conscious of hidden adversaries
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