Abstract
Three-dimensional optical tomographic imaging plays an important role in biomedical research and clinical applications. We introduce spectral tomographic imaging (STI) via spectral encoding of spatial frequency principle that not only has the capability for visualizing the three-dimensional object at sub-micron resolution but also providing spatially-resolved quantitative characterization of its structure with nanoscale accuracy for any volume of interest within the object. The theoretical basis and the proof-of-concept numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of spectral tomographic imaging.
Highlights
Following the seminal work by Wolf [1, 2], visualizing the internal structure of scattering objects such as biological samples has been the subject of intense research, especially in the past few decades
We consider collimated light from a broadband light source normally incident on the object, with the resulting back-scattered waves collected by an objective (NA = 0.5), and their complex amplitude obtained at the Fourier plane with N = 200
We have presented the theoretical basis of spectral tomographic imaging (STI), and demonstrated via numerical simulation that given the complex amplitude of 3D spatial frequencies of the back-scattered waves collected at the Fourier plane, we can obtain 3D tomographic reconstruction of the object with resolution down to sub-micron level and simultaneously perform 3D spatially-resolved structural characterization with nanoscale accuracy for any given volume of interest (VOI) within the object
Summary
Following the seminal work by Wolf [1, 2], visualizing the internal structure of scattering objects such as biological samples has been the subject of intense research, especially in the past few decades. STI is an integrated approach that is able to simultaneously reconstruct the 3D tomographic object with sub-micron resolution, and quantify its axial structure with nanoscale accuracy in a spatially-resolved manner for each VOI within the object This is realized through the application of SESF principle – which encodes spatial frequency through spectral diversity – at the Fourier plane, resulting in both reconstruction and structural characterization of the scattering object. We emphasize that the STI characterization of the internal structure is 3D spatially-resolved, that is, for any VOI within the object, STI can construct the axial spatial period profile with nanoscale accuracy This is a critical improvement over our earlier work, where the structural characterization was performed for 2D imaging system over the entire imaging depth for a given image point of the object without any depth sectioning capability.
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