Abstract
The aim of the study. The aim of the paper is a comparison of tolerance to uncertainty in two groups of elderly: the students of the University of the Third Age (UTA) and older people who are not enrolled but help to educate grandchildren. A relation to uncertainty was shown to infl uence on decision making strategy of elderly that indicates on importance of the researches. Methods. To obtain the objectives of the paper the following methods were used: 1) Personal change readiness survey (PCRS) adapted by Nickolay Bazhanov and Galina Bardiyer; 2) Tolerance Ambiguity Scale (TAS) adapted by Galina Soldatova; 3) Freiburg personality inventory (FPI) and 4) The questionnaire of self-relation by Vladimir Stolin and Sergej Panteleev. 40 socially involved elderly people were investigated according the above methods, 20 from UTA and 20 who are not studied and served as control group. Results. It was shown that relations of tolerance to uncertainty in the study group of students of the University of the Third Age substantially differ from relations of tolerance to uncertainty in group of older people who do not learn. The majority of students of the University of the Third Age have an inherent low tolerance for uncertainty, which is associated with an increase in expression personality traits and characteristics in self-relation. The group of the elderly who are not enrolled increasingly shows tolerance of uncertainty, focusing on the social and trusting relationship to meet the needs of communication, and the ability to manage their own emotions and desires than a group of Third Age university students. Conclusions. The results of experimental research of the third age university student’s peculiarities of the tolerance to uncertainty were outlined. It was found that decision making in the ambiguity situations concerning social interaction is well developed in elderly who do not study. The students of the University of Third Age have greater needs in conversation, social interaction than the control group and should learn to make decisionin ambiguity or uncertainty situations.
Highlights
The healthy senior may experience substantial declines in cognitive function over time, even without clinical dementia
We assume that a group of elderly people who do not study to a greater extent have a tolerance for uncertainty, focusing the social and trusting relationship to meet the needs of communication, than the students of the university of third age
Our Þrst hypothesis is that the majority of students of the University of the Third Age will be exposed to a low level of tolerance for uncertainty, which is associated with an increase in expression of criteria to intolerance of uncertainty and personality traits and characteristics of self-relation - fully conÞrmed, based on quantitative and correlation analysis
Summary
The healthy senior may experience substantial declines in cognitive function over time, even without clinical dementia. In addition Gregory Kasten et al underlined that criteria for determining prudent retirement income strategies is seniors researchers were directed to the problem of comparing young people and the elderly choices in the case of uncertainty and risk. The few existing studies looking at decision making in older adults are inconclusive: some state that decision making abilities decline with age, while others disagree with this statement. Agnieszka Tymula and co-authors identiÞed several important age-related patterns in decision making under uncertainty (Tymula, 2008): 1) healthy elders between the ages of 65 and 90 were strikingly inconsistent in their choices compared with younger subjects. Just as the elderly show profound declines in cognitive function, they show profound declines in choice rationality compared with their younger peers; 2) risk attitudes across the life span show an inverted U-shaped function, both elders and adolescents are more risk - averse than their midlife counterparts. Alec Sproten and co-workers show that older adults do not show a statistically signiÞcant difference between risk and ambiguity decisions (Sproten, 2010)
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