To speak as another

The implications of digital visual media for human–nature relationships

Contemporary autofiction is a genre that is inescapably concerned with the recording, and re-recording of the self. In Ben Lerners autofictional 10:04, for instance, time becomes centred. The protagonist of 10:04 engages with Christian Marclays 24-hour video installation The Clock, which records the passing of time as portrayed in film, and is inspired to use the data of his own life to contextualise himself within a fictional world of his own creation. In this way, autofiction and the digital landscape share the same impulses. Through apps and smart watches we monitor and measure the self sleep, health (mental and physical), productivity and re-productivity and this data then becomes used to contextualise the self within a broader narrative. Is the presentation of the data we collect through these methods inherently autofictional in nature? This article will closely consider the portrayal of time and the way in which time is recorded in autofictional texts such as 10:04. It will also take the form of creative practice, as I concern myself with the recording of my own experiences watching The Clock over several different sessions at ACMI, as well as other ways of recording my 'self' through apps and a smart watch. By examining how the 'self' is commodified as data within the genre of autofiction, and this article will argue that the desire to monitor oneself and to view life as data to be collected speaks to a broader anxiety about the way we see ourselves

Advances in technology and information flow have made Indonesian people more open to global knowledge. It is undeniable that the development of the media also plays an active role in changing one's lifestyle, both electronic, print and online media. Judging from today's modern era, social media is not just a medium of communication, but has become part of human lifestyle, especially young people or students. One of the impacts of the advancement of technology with the existence of social media is a shift in language. Language shift is a linguistic phenomenon that sometimes refers to the extinction of a language. Social media is an online media where users can easily participate, share and create content including blogs, social networks and wikis, which are the most frequently used forms of social media by people around the world. 16 Social media is a website-based feature that can form networks. and enable people to interact within a community. On social media, we can carry out various forms of exchange, collaboration, and getting to know each other in the form of visual and audiovisual writing. Examples include Twitter, Facebook, blog, Forsquare, and others. Some of the problems found, researchers need to conduct research and the problem that is used in this study is how social media influences the shift in Indonesian among Pharmacy students at Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri University. Social Media as a space for interaction can cause a shift in language, where the average pharmacy student at Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri University or other students must understand this better and there is an increase in the knowledge of pharmacy students at Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri University, especially regarding the influence of social media on language shift in pharmacy students at Nahdlatul Ulama University Sunan Giri.

Social media and on-line interaction can be as significant as the offline environment in shaping youth health behaviour, possibly explaining the association between social media and alcohol use by youth. Social media also presents opportunities for new prevention and intervention strategies. Social media are inherently social, and people are inevitably influenced by the interactions therein [5]. Ng Fat et al. propose that the association between heavier social media use and higher likelihood of more frequent drinking by youth could be due to cultural norms of drinking which are transferred through the on-line context [1, 6]. Prior research work on norms concerning addictive behaviours [7-9] provide support to this notion, suggesting that observed norms are a powerful transferer of health behaviours. The challenge of social media is that they are likely to distort the user's perception of reality due to user activity, contacts and various algorithms [10]. Perceptions of alcohol norms or the impression of how much others are drinking are often over-estimated [2, 11]. This poses a risk to young people who are particularly susceptible to social norms and can lead to many unwanted and harmful behaviour patterns, such as increased drinking. Ng Fat et al. did not investigate the effect of social norms as such, although they discussed youths' sociability both on- and off-line as a potential factor influencing greater alcohol use. However, their results highlight where the gaps exist in understanding how social media and on-line relationships could impact the behaviour of developing youths. Emerging research in the field suggests that social media and virtual interaction in general can be as powerful as the off-line environment in terms of shaping youth behaviour [12]. Ng Fat et al. defined social media use as belonging to social media sites, including Facebook, Myspace and Bebo. However, social media are much more diverse and manifold, warranting wider and more nuanced consideration. Research indicates that social media platforms differ greatly when it comes to interface and content [13]. Social media such as Facebook and Instagram are more user-orientated and on these types of platforms, users typically have a visible identity. Interaction in these services is based on people's mutual relationships and content is mainly shared among a certain set of other users (i.e. friends, followers) [13]. It is possible that, on platforms such as these, social interaction is more meaningful and social influence and behavioural diffusion occur more easily. Social media such as YouTube and Twitter are more content-orientated where networks are established around users’ shared interests. Other users or audiences are more far-reaching and often anonymous [14]. Young individuals are likely to turn towards more interactional social media platforms where communication is mutual [15, 16]. This could also partly explain the clearer pattern between social media use and higher likelihood of more frequent drinking among the 10–15 age group. It is noteworthy that Ng Fat et al. conclude that no direct evidence was found indicating that the rise of social media platforms could be contributing to the increase in non-drinking among youth [17]. While social media use has been associated with adverse health behaviours, the opportunities to employ different on-line platforms for prevention and intervention strategies are abundant. However, future longitudinal research is needed, as social media are rapidly expanding and evolving. New forms of social media may present unforeseeable risks for youth alcohol use and other off-line risk behaviours, but also opportunities for prevention. None.

In this paper we provide a commentary on Perloff’s theoretical perspectives and agenda for research that examines the effects of social media on young women’s body image concerns. Social media are the main form of mass media being used by the youth of today, and researchers in the U.S. and Australia have commenced studying how these may be affecting body image concerns. However, the processes underlying how social media may influence young people’s body image appear to be no different from underlying other forms of mass media. Research is needed to more fully evaluate youth’s experiences of online appearance culture and how this may foster both negative and positive peer interactions. We also need more studies which compare the influences on social media with other media forms as there is no clear evidence that social networking sites and other forms of social media are more detrimental to one’s body image than other forms of media. We also consider factors that may protect young people from internalizing appearance ideals that are promoted by the mass media. In addition, we consider broader conceptualizations of body image so that a wider range of human experiences can be studied.

Navigating Social Media in #Ophthalmology

“My Little Influencer”

To assess the online and social media presence of all practising Australian and New Zealand urologists. In July 2014, all active members of the Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand (USANZ) were identified. A comprehensive search of Google and each social media platform (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and YouTube) was undertaken for each urologist to identify any private websites or social media profiles. Of the 435 urologists currently practising in Australia and New Zealand, 305 (70.1%) have an easily identifiable social media account. LinkedIn (51.3%) is the most commonly used form of social media followed by Twitter (33.3%) and private Facebook (30.1%) accounts. About half (49.8%) have a private business website. The average number of social media accounts per urologist is 1.42 and 16 urologists (3.7%) have an account with all searched social media platforms. Over half of those with a Twitter account (55.9%) follow a dedicated urology journal club and have a median (range) number of 'followers' of 12 (1-2 862). Social media users had a median (range) of 2 (0-8 717) 'tweets' on Twitter, 2 (1-45) LinkedIn posts and 1 (1-14) YouTube video. This study represents a unique dataset not relying on selection or recall bias but using data freely available to patients and colleagues to gauge social media presence of urologists. Most Australian and New Zealand urologists have a readily identifiable online and social media presence, with widespread and consistent use across both countries.

Era of information technology extremely dynamic, fast growing as it is now, allows us to communicate with anyone, anytime, anywhere cheaply and quickly crossed the line geography. Especially with social media or social media, which increasingly plays an important role in communicating and socialize? Social media is not just used by the individual. In fact there are many large companies, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), even the candidates, presidential candidates, even use it as a medium of communication and media promotion. Social Media is an online media, the users can easily participate, share and create contents include blogs, social networks, wikis, forums and virtual worlds. Blogs, social networking and wikis are forms of social media are most commonly used by people around the world. Conclusions that can be drawn is very important to use social media as a promotional medium for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in a systematic and structured, because in addition to not require huge capital, and does not require an office, could be anywhere, anytime due to real time. Range is not limited to the Internet reaches all regions and even countries. With so many current Social Media, Small and Medium Enterprise Social Media can choose which one is suitable for their products. Utilization of Social Media, can be establish communication with customers, build emotional bounding. And in this era of social media gave birth to a new customer segment called customer social (social customer), thus giving birth to new ways or practices of a business, product or service in the interaction with the market.

Chapter 6 - Addicted Media: Substances on Screen

As political activists increasingly use social media in local protests, scholars must redirect attention from large-scale campaigns to scrutinize the ways in which geographically confined actors use social media to engage in protests. This paper analyses how a 2013 anti-mining campaign in Kallak, Sweden, combined on-site resistance with social media strategies via Facebook pages. The study examines which activist roles and forms of social media use that emerged and aims to explore what larger practical and theoretical implications one can derive from this specific case of place-based struggles. Results show that three typologically distinct activist roles emerged during the protests: local activists, digital movement intellectuals and digital distributors. These different types of actors were involved in four different forms of social media use: mobilization, construction of the physical space, extension of the local and augmentation of local and translocal bonds. Based on our findings, we argue that the coming together of these different activist roles and the different uses of social media added a translocal dimension to the peripheral and physically remote political conflict in Kallak. Media users were able to extend a locally and physically situated protest by linking it to a global contentious issue such as the mining boom and its consequences for indigenous populations.

Objective: This paper examines the ways in which young people in Eastern Canada learn about menstruation and construct personal period pedagogies through embodied experiences and encounters with digital and social media. Design: A qualitative exploratory approach was undertaken to elicit the stories and voices of young people who menstruate. Menstruation is conceptualised as a deeply bio-social phenomenon and knowledge was understood as created, contested and negotiated across settings and contexts. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine university students (ages 19–23 years) in Eastern Canada as part of a pilot project informing a broader study about menstruation education and menstrual experiences. To be eligible for inclusion, participants were required to have experienced one menstrual cycle in the past 6 months and engaged with social media at least once per week. Setting: This project was conducted in a small University town in Maritime Canada. Results: Young people interviewed learned about menstruation through knowledges assembled from conversations family members and peers, educational and medical settings and content encountered on social and digital media. Three themes were developed from the analysis. The first two capture how young people actively try to ‘Fill in the Gaps’ left by conventional menstrual education approaches and therefore turn to informal and narrative knowledges circulating on social media in efforts to answer the question ‘Am I normal’. The third theme describes how participants actively ‘Balance Authority and Intimacy’ when seeking menstrual information that resonates with their embodied experiences. Conclusion: Substantial gaps exist in the menstrual knowledges available to young people, particularly in relation to the embodied and emotional dimensions of having and managing a period. Digital and social media have the capacity to contribute to personal period pedagogies by acknowledging and exploring aspects of menstruation not adequately addressed in other contexts.

Cooperative Mentorship: Negotiating Social Media Use within the Family

In the 21st century, with the changes in mass media, new forms of social media have emerged. Social media has become an indispensable part of human society, thoroughly integrated into various aspects of people’s lives. Social media plays an important role in the dissemination and promotion of traditional culture. However, in recent years, many new forms of social media have inappropriately used or showcased traditional culture and cultural heritage for the sake of entertainment, neglecting the respect for traditional culture and the understanding of its cultural essence, or directly engaging in cultural appropriation. This paper explores how to better use social media to promote and disseminate traditional culture through collecting and comparing the impact of social media on the dissemination of traditional culture, how to use social media in a correct manner.

Parents are increasingly using social media to inform health decisions for their children. This scoping review examines 1) How do parents use social media to find health information for their children? 2) What motivates parents to engage with social media to seek health information for their children? 3) How do parents seek to understand and evaluate the health information they find on social media, and how does social media impact parental health information-seeking? Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched, with open date parameters. Peer-reviewed studies that examined parents' and responsible caregivers' use of social media as a source of health information for their children (aged <18 years) were included. The 42 included studies spanned 2011 to 2020. More than half (n=24, 57%) were published in 2019 and 2020. Parents use social media for information about specific health concerns both before and after a medical diagnosis for their child. Parents are motivated to engage with social media as they seek out extensive information based on lived experience from other parents, as well as social support and community. This scoping review reveals parents' motivation to use social media for health information, and how that can interact with, and impose on, clinical practice. It is important for those who provide pediatric health care to both understand and accommodate this permanent shift facilitated by social media, when working with parents who are seeking health information when making health decisions for their children.