To bridge or not to bridge: Moral Judgement in Cocaine Use Disorders, a case-control study on human morality

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn the “Dual-Process theory”, morality is characterized by the interaction between an automatic-emotional process, mediated by the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) and linked to personal-deontological decisions, and a rational-conscious one, mediated by the Dorso-Lateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) and linked to impersonal-utilitarian decisions. These areas are altered by chronic use of cocaine, with a possible impact on moral decision-making.ObjectiveTo evaluate the difference between a group of Cocaine Use Disorder (CUD) patients and a control group in moral decision-making.MethodsSubjects with CUD were compared to an equal-sized healthy group regarding their moral decision-making. Trolley and Footbridge Moral Dilemmas were administered to each group. The quality of the answer (yes or no) and the time needed to answer were recorded.ResultsThe recruited group includes 72 subjects, 36 with CUD and 36 healthy subjects (average age of 39.51 ± 9.89). In the Trolley dilemma, almost all the subjects (97.3%) answered “yes”, while in the Footbridge dilemma CUD subjects answered “yes” more often (52.7%) than the healthy group (19.4%).ConclusionFor strong emotional dilemmas (Footbridge), cocaine users answered “yes” with a higher frequency compared to healthy subjects, highlighting a wider utilitarian tendency in decision-making and a poor emotional participation.