Abstract

BackgroundPerfusion bioreactors are used to solve problems in critical size bone tissue engineering. Biominerizable and biocompatible nanocomposites are suitable scaffold materials for this purpose because they offer mineral components in organic carriers. Human adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) can potentially be used to increase bone healing. Materials and methodsElectrospun nanocomposite disks of poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA/a-CaP) were seeded with ASCs and eight disks were stacked in a bioreactor running with normal culture. Under perfusion and uniaxial cyclic compression, load-displacement curves as a function of time were assessed. Stiffness and energy dissipation were recorded. Moreover, stem cell densities in the layers of the piled scaffold were determined as well as their morphologies and differentiation status. ResultsWhile the stiffness of the cell free constructs increased over time based on the transformation of the a-CaP nanoparticles into flake-like apatite, ASC-seeded constructs showed a constant stiffness. Stem cell density gradients had a linear increase from the bottom to the top of the pile (r2>0.95). Stem cells were getting more roundish at higher flow rates. Some osteogenesis was found upon osteopontin immunostaining, while no endothelial cell differentiation and no chondrogenesis was triggered. ConclusionsThe fabrication of a critical size bone graft is presented based on a biominerizable bone-biomimetic nanocomposite with preserved stiffness when seeded with ASCs. The cell densities of ASCs inside the piled construct varied with a linear gradient. Beginning osteogenesis was triggered by the dynamic culture conditions including perfusion and compression.

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call

Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.