Abstract
Previous analyses of the relationship between dissent and repression have turned up mixed, and often conflicting, results. Although research on the effect of repression on dissent has been inconsistent, it becomes obvious that time and country variation does matter: the effects of dissent and repression do not occur in a social vacuum. Our analyses seek to determine what country-level contextual variables influence levels of nonviolent and violent dissent, as well as nonviolent and violent repression. We include a battery of variables describing domestic economic and political conditions, sociodemographics, and global linkages. We test specific hypotheses about these potential determinants of various forms of dissent and repression by using data on 530 event-weeks of the period 1994-2004 across 97 countries. We find that proximity to the center of the world polity network and capacity for state terror have an effect on both dissent and repression, and international, political, and economic factors have an impact when dissent and repression are broken down by violence.
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