Tianma granules: Bridging traditional medicine and modern science to combat colorectal cancer via ferroptosis

The science (and art) of medicine

WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Chinese Medicine: Use in Context, Creatively

127IN - Can Pet Imaging Help Individualize the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Patients?

The use of herbs for medicinal purposes is essential. Herbal treatment had a positive impact on human life. Some people are too skeptical and lack confidence in the effectiveness of using herbs for treatment purposes. This situation occurs because the advancement of medical technology and modern medicine is more forward than traditional medicine. Herb-based treatment is still not able to provide traditional medicinal services that are conducive and comprehensive in terms of function, nutrients and comprehensive potential. The focus of this study is to expand knowledge by examining the effectiveness of herbs and treatment in human health care based on the 'Theory of Planned Behaviour' approach. The purpose of the study was to identify the types of herbs, analyze the response to the effectiveness of the use of herbs in health care based on traditional Malay medicinal methods. This research done based on qualitative and quantitative methods including literature review, library research, questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that traditional Malay medicine is a complete herbal treatment method and has strong fundamental values and is necessary in the science of medicine. Studies have also found the effectiveness of herbs in treating various types of physical and spiritual ailments. The findings proved that the use of various herbal plants is still relevant to treat diseases, contributing in the field of medical science just like existing modern medicine, especially in the issue of health care and a prosperous human life.

Colorectal DiseaseVolume 5, Issue 6 p. 588-589 Overview of the National Colorectal Cancer Care Survey: Australian clinical practice in 2000 D. R. McGrath, D. R. McGrath School of Medical Practice and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Clinical Governance Unit, Hunter Area Health Service, NSW, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorA. D. Spigelman, A. D. Spigelman School of Medical Practice and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Clinical Governance Unit, Hunter Area Health Service, NSW, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author D. R. McGrath, D. R. McGrath School of Medical Practice and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Clinical Governance Unit, Hunter Area Health Service, NSW, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorA. D. Spigelman, A. D. Spigelman School of Medical Practice and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Clinical Governance Unit, Hunter Area Health Service, NSW, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 29 October 2003 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-1318.2003.00552.xCitations: 1 Professor A. D. Spigelman, School of Medical Practice and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia. E-mail: Allan.Spigelman@newcastle.edu.au Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume5, Issue6November 2003Pages 588-589 RelatedInformation

The research on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has experienced the transition from qualitative research to quantitative study. The application of mathematical modeling for data processing and analysis offers a more efficient and precise approach compared to conventional methods, enabling the timely acquisition of key efficacy indicators for preliminary evaluation. Therefore, the concept of mathematical modeling has been proposed to form a systematic theoretical system of TCM and diseases. The article reviews the application of mathematical models in the research of traditional Chinese medicine in terms of compounding, extraction, optimization, quality evaluation, production, new drug development, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical symptom analysis. Relevant Chinese and English literature was obtained from PubMed, Cochrane Library, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), Wanfang Data, CNKI and China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). We have found that integrating the concept of mathematical modeling with TCM theory has shortened the cycle of extracting active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine and the development of new drugs, while also accelerating the realization of maximum clinical efficacy. However, the comprehensiveness and precision of existing databases remain areas for improvement. In the future, further integration of multi-disciplinary technologies will be essential to advance the convergence of traditional medicine and modern science. This review explores the application of mathematical models in the study of traditional Chinese medicine. It is evident that mathematical modeling has played a pivotal role in promoting fundamental research and the modernization of TCM.

While Ayurveda is an ancient system of medicine, training for it involves many years of study as well as apprenticeship. The apprenticeship could run in the family, as from father to son, or in a more formal setting, as with an acclaimed teacher. This apprenticeship could go on for decades, or till such time that the teacher felt confident in the abilities of his student. In modern times, universities and colleges in India have instituted formal certificates, diplomas and degrees in this traditional art and science of medicine. These formal degrees can range from one to three years. They may also include curriculum on modern forms of medicine to fill the gaps that traditional medicine may have. Presented here are narratives of how long it takes to become good in Ayurvedic practice.

Working Together to Address Challenges to the Teaching of Evolution

Star anise (Illicium verum Hook. f.) is an important herb in traditional Chinese medicine as well as traditional Asian medicine. The fruit is aromatic and has a strong, pungent and mildly sweet taste. Star anise is one of the many species that contain bioactive compounds as well as a number of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, having antioxidant, preservative and antimicrobial properties. All relevant papers in the English language from researchers of different countries were collected. The keywords of Chinese star anise, anise, traditional Chinese medicine and modern pharmaceutical science were searched in Google Scholar, Scopus, Research Gate and PubMed. Its seeds are good source of minerals like calcium, iron, copper, potassium, manganese, zinc, and magnesium. The essential oil of Chinese star anise contains anethole which has shown several functional properties including antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and oestrogenic properties. Due to all positive characteristics, such as antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant activities, anticancer and antimicrobial properties, both seeds and essential oils of anise is promising for safe use as super food supplements and raw constituents in the both pharmaceutical and food industries. Anise seed oil contains anethol, estragole, eugenol, pseudisoeugenol, methyl chavicol and anisaldehyde, coumarins, scopoleting, umbelliferon, estrols, terpene hydrocarbons, and polyacetylenes as the major compounds. The plant oil has both pharmacological and clinical effects. The pharmacological effects consist of antimicrobial, hepatopreotective, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, bronchodilator, estrogenic, expectorant and insecticidal effects, and clinical effects such as nausea, constipation, menopausal period, virus, diabetes, obesity and sedative action. Combined with a nutritious diet, other traditional Chinese and Asian medicine, Chinese star anise and ansie seed may improve various aspects of health. More clinical studies are necessary to uncover the numerous substances and their effects in ginseng that contribute to public health.
 Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(3): 162-179

[Basham Medal EssayNote: The Basham Medal commemorates the name of Professor Arthur L. Basham, co-founder of the International Association for the Study of Traditional Asian Medicine (IASTAM), and is given “to recognize special contributions by IASTAM members to promoting the goals of IASTAM”. In 2009 it was awarded at the International Conference on Tradition Asian Medicine in Thimphu, Bhutan to Professor Vincanne Adams, of the Department of Anthropology, History and Social Medicine of the University of California, San Francisco. This is the paper she delivered on that occasion.Vincanne’s research interests include the social conditions and epistemological framings of integrative medicine, international health development, women’s health and health care in Tibet, theories of modernity in relation to morality, disaster capitalism, aging and displacement politics. Her primary research area has been the Himalayan region (Nepal and Tibet), where she has worked on topics such as medical pluralism, medicine and social change, and the politics of clinical trials research. More recently, she has also studied life disruption and disaster as a way of life in post-Katrina New Orleans. Vincanne is also interested in global studies of science, technology and medicine, and particularly the postcolonial exchange of scientific activities (from labs to field sites, informed consent procedures to the residual problem of spirit-caused disorders). Her works include Doctors for Democracy: Health Professionals in the Nepal Revolution (1998), Tigers of the Snow and Other Virtual Sherpas: an Ethnography of Himalayan Encounters (1996), Sex in Development: Science, Sexuality, and Morality in Global Perspective (2005, with Stacy Leigh Pigg ) and Medicine between Science and Religion: Explorations on Tibetan Grounds (2011, with Mona Schrempf and Sienna R. Craig ). Vincanne’s work speaks to both academics and practitioners of traditional Asian medicine, in a way that is consistently inspiring, intellectually incisive, and topical in the issues that it addresses., Basham Medal Essay Note: The Basham Medal commemorates the name of Professor Arthur L. Basham, co-founder of the International Association for the Study of Traditional Asian Medicine (IASTAM), and is given “to recognize special contributions by IASTAM members to promoting the goals of IASTAM”. In 2009 it was awarded at the International Conference on Tradition Asian Medicine in Thimphu, Bhutan to Professor Vincanne Adams, of the Department of Anthropology, History and Social Medicine of the University of California, San Francisco. This is the paper she delivered on that occasion. Vincanne’s research interests include the social conditions and epistemological framings of integrative medicine, international health development, women’s health and health care in Tibet, theories of modernity in relation to morality, disaster capitalism, aging and displacement politics. Her primary research area has been the Himalayan region (Nepal and Tibet), where she has worked on topics such as medical pluralism, medicine and social change, and the politics of clinical trials research. More recently, she has also studied life disruption and disaster as a way of life in post-Katrina New Orleans. Vincanne is also interested in global studies of science, technology and medicine, and particularly the postcolonial exchange of scientific activities (from labs to field sites, informed consent procedures to the residual problem of spirit-caused disorders). Her works include Doctors for Democracy: Health Professionals in the Nepal Revolution (1998), Tigers of the Snow and Other Virtual Sherpas: an Ethnography of Himalayan Encounters (1996), Sex in Development: Science, Sexuality, and Morality in Global Perspective (2005, with Stacy Leigh Pigg ) and Medicine between Science and Religion: Explorations on Tibetan Grounds (2011, with Mona Schrempf and Sienna R. Craig ). Vincanne’s work speaks to both academics and practitioners of traditional Asian medicine, in a way that is consistently inspiring, intellectually incisive, and topical in the issues that it addresses.]

Traditional African medicine often carries with it a perception and stigma of being irrational and ungrounded in scientific method in academia. One reason for this common prejudicial view of traditional African medicine is the failure to effectively interpret African traditional medicine concepts, as these are often metaphorical descriptions of the biological and psychological effects of plants or combinations of them used in the traditional medicine preparations. When translated into other languages such as English, these metaphorical descriptions of medicinal plant use can seem to incorrectly reflect mysticism and/or superstition with no scientific basis. This difficulty in interpreting cultural descriptions of medical phenomena, together with the fact that there are hardly any academic papers engaging the science of South African traditional medicine in the biological sciences, is an indication of the disconnection between the humanities studies and the biomedical studies of South African traditional medicine. This paper investigates some popular examples of spiritual plant use in traditional South African medicine using phytopharmacological studies together with anthropological fieldwork methods, demonstrating the empirical basis for use of some plants in divination (by producing clarity of thought or dreams). The examples also reveal the phytochemical and biomedical foundations of the South Bantu speaking traditional healers’ explanations of why and how various spiritually used plants have medicinal value. The challenge for scientists (such as botanists) is to effectively translate and interpret cultural and language based descriptions of spiritual medicinal plant use made by indigenous peoples while recognizing and discarding cultural prejudices that prevent a more comprehensive and integrated understanding of the science that intersects and forms the basis of many, though not all, cultural healing practices.

The modernization of traditional/alternative Chinese medicine research provides diverse and comprehensive methods for disease treatment and health management by integrating the advantages of traditional medicine and modern science. Recent evidence has accumulated rich experience and outstanding achievements in the research of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for the prevention and treatment of liver cancer. Their recent research is dedicated to the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine formulas, the discovery of treatment targets and predictive markers, providing new effective evidence for liver cancer prevention and treatment research, and expanding research directions. This article provides a review of the clinical and experimental research progress of this team in recent 5 years, in order to provide more ideas and insights for research in this field.

Trends in Pharmacognosy: A modern science of natural medicines

Introduction.- 1 The Birth of Science. The Erasure of the Scientific Revolution. On the Word 'Hellenistic'. Science. Was There Science in Classical Greece? Origins of Hellenistic Science.- 2 Hellenistic Mathematics. Precursors of Mathematical Science.Euclid's Hypothetico-Deductive Method. Geometry and Computational Aids. Discrete Mathematics and the Notion of Infinity. Continuous Mathematics. Euclid and His Predecessors. An Application of the 'Method of Exhaustion'. Trigonometry and Spherical Geometry.- 3 Other Hellenistic Scientific Theories. Optics, Scenography and Catoptrics. Geodesy and Mathematical Geography. Mechanics. Hydrostatics. Pneumatics. Aristarchus, Heliocentrism, and Relative Motion. From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe. Ptolemaic Astronomy.- 4 Scientific Technology. Mechanical Engineering. Instrumentation. Military Technology. Sailing and Navigation. Naval Architecture. The Pharos. Hydraulic and Pneumatic Engineering. Use of Natural Power. The Antikythera Mechanism. Heron's Role. The Lost Technology.- 5 Medicine and Other Empirical Sciences. The Birth of Anatomy and Physiology. Relationship Between Medicine and Exact Sciences. Anatomical Terminology and the Screw Press. The Scientific Method in Medicine. Development and End of Scientific Medicine. Botany and Zoology. Chemistry.- 6 The Hellenistic Scientific Method. Origins of Scientific Demonstration. Postulates or Hypotheses. Saving the Phainomena. Definitions, Scientific Terms and Theoretical Entities. Episteme and Techne. Postulates and the Meaning of 'Mathematics' and 'Physics'. Hellenistic Science and Experimental Method. Science and Orality. Where Do the Cliches about 'Ancient Science' Come From?.- Some Other Aspects of the Scientific Revolution. Urban Planning. Conscious and Unconscious Cultural Evolution. The Theory of Dreams. Propositional Logic.Philological and Linguistic Studies. Science, Figurative Arts, Literature and Music.- 8 The Decadence and End of Science. The Crisis in Hellenistic Science. Rome, Science and Scientific Technology. The End of Ancient Science.- 9 Science, Technology and Economy. Modernism and Primitivism. Scientific and Technological Policy. Economic Growth and Innovation in Agriculture. Nonagricultural Technology and Production. The Role of the City in the Ancient World. The Nature of the Ancient Economy. Ancient Science and Production.- 10 Lost Science. Lost Optics. Eratosthenes' Measurement of the Meridian. Determinism, Chance and Atoms. Combinatorics and Logic. Ptolemy and Hellenistic Astronomy. The Moon, the Sling and Hipparchus. A Passage of Seneca. Rays of Darkness and Triangular Rays. The Idea of Gravity after Aristotle. Tides. The Shape of the Earth: Sling or Ellipsoid? Seleucus of Babylon and the Proof of Heliocentrism. Precession, Comets, etc. Ptolemy and Theon of Smyrna. The First Few Definitions in Euclid's Elements.- 11 The Age-Long Recovery. The Early Renaissances. The Renaissance. The Rediscovery of Optics in Europe. A Late Disciple of Archimedes. Two Modern Scientists: Kepler and Descartes. Tides, Gravitation and Terrestrial Motion. Newton's Natural Philosophy. The Rift Between Mathematics and Physics. Ancient Science and Modern Science. The Erasure of Ancient Science.-11 Recovery and Crisis of Scientific Methodology.- References.- Index of Ancient Passages.- Subject and Name Index.

The medicine of the Soviet Union represented by Pavlov's advanced neurological theory played a major role in the medical system for the New China in the 1950s. In terms of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, it embodied in the 'scientific' reconstruction of main and collateral channels and mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion, reported on acupoint electric measurement and skin active point, and developed acupuncture theory with Integrated Medicine. In this sense, 'learning from the Soviet Union', was one of the important factors for 'scientised acupuncture and moxibustion', which influenced the constructing of contemporary acupuncture and moxibustion in China and drove the development of 'scientised acupuncture and moxibustion'. In addition, inevitably, it led to some conflicts and contradictions between traditional medicine and modern sciences in the process of 'learning from the Soviet Union'. This review of 'learning from the Soviet Union', the analysis of its advantages and disadvantages, and synthesis of its experiences, will provide an historical reference to current development of traditional Chinese medicine.