Abstract
Calcium ions control many cellular processes by relaying signals in the form of their spatio-temporal distribution. Dynamics and patterns of calcium concentration such as repetitive waves, coherent oscillations or spatially localized elevations activate diverse physiological functions. Calcium is the most universal second messenger in cells and plays an important role in initiation, sustenance and termination of various activities in cells required for maintaining the structure and function of the cell. Calcium signal at fertilization is necessary for egg activation and exhibits specialized spatial and temporal dynamics. The specific calcium concentration distribution patterns in oocytes required for various activities like egg fertilization, maturation, etc. are not well understood. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model is proposed to study the spatio-temporal calcium distribution in oocytes. The parameters such as buffers, SERCA pump, ER Leak, ryanodine receptor (RyR) calcium channel, point source and line source of calcium are incorporated in the model. The appropriate initial and boundary conditions have been framed on the basis of the physical condition of the problem. A program is developed in MATLAB for simulation. The results have been used to study the effect of source geometry, RyR calcium channel, ER Leak, SERCA pump and buffers on cytosolic calcium concentration distribution in oocytes.
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