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Abstract
Abstract Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foams are primarily used in many industries, such as construction, aerospace, marine, and automotive; thus, understanding their fracture behavior is vital. The paper presents a new study about the three-dimensional fracture behavior of PVC foams using the peridynamic method, where we pay more attention to the tearing fracture mechanics of these foams. We introduce an all-inclusive simulation framework incorporating peridynamic theory to estimate crack propagation in PVC foams. The fracture initiation, growth, and coalescence processes are efficiently captured using the proposed three-dimensional peridynamic model (3D-PDM). The effectiveness and validity of the proposed 3D-PDM are demonstrated through detailed comparisons with experimental data and measurements in predicting fracture patterns and failure loads. The results emphasize the capability of the peridynamic approach in capturing complex fracture phenomena in PVC foams. Therefore, the study provides an efficient tool for researchers and engineers to improve the design of foam-based structures, accordingly enhancing their safety and reliability. Our study not only provides a detailed investigation of the tearing mechanism in PVC foams under various loading and boundary conditions but also highlights the potential of the peridynamic model. The study reveals that bending on PVC foam increases in-plane tearing while decreasing through-the-thickness tearing. Further exploration of the proposed 3D-PDM applications in other polymeric and composite materials could be achieved, offering hope for its potential in fracture mechanics research.
Highlights
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam has gained significant attention across many industries since it is a versatile and lightweight material
Once the 3D-PDM is validated, we investigate the tearing response of PVC foam under different conditions and propose essential concluding remarks about the tearing strength of PVC foams
We explore the fracture behavior of PVC foams under tearing loads in different directions and various confined conditions
Summary
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam has gained significant attention across many industries since it is a versatile and lightweight material. Numerical methods have emerged as a robust tool in studying PVC foam fracture behavior, and they offer valuable insights for optimizing PVC foam structural applications These methods, notably finite element analysis (FEA), enable a detailed crack initiation and propagation simulation under diverse loading conditions [21, 22]. Several numerical methods, such as the extended finite element method (XFEM) [23, 24] and cohesive zone modeling (CZM) [25, 26], are frequently used to simulate crack growth with high fidelity These approaches, CZM, help describe the fracture toughness and energy absorption capabilities of PVC foams, which are essential for aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering applications. The capability of the peridynamic approach of simulating crack formations, as well as their interactivity with the internal structure of foam without incurring too much processing power, becomes a significant asset in the enhancement and utilization of PVC foams in industries that call for high-strength and durable but lightweight materials.
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