Abstract
Abstract An analytical three-dimensional temperature field in the liquid and heat-affected zones around the welding cavity produced by a moving high-intensity beam is provided. The cavity is idealized by a paraboloid of revolution in a semi-infinite workpiece subject to an incident flux of a Gaussian distribution. A relevant image technique is introduced to account for the adiabatic top surface. Three-dimensional solidification characteristics of the fusion zone, therefore, are quantitatively determined. The results show the effects of welding parameters, such as the dimensionless beam power, Peclet number, cavity opening radius, preheating temperature, and the parameter approximating convection, on the shape of the fusion zone, the cooling rates, and morphological stability. The findings agree well with available experimental data and three-dimensional finite-difference results.
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