Three species of the Cladonia pyxidata-chlorophaea complex new to Latvia

The lichen genus Pseudohepatica (Lichenized Ascomycotina) is described from Ven- ezuela based on a single species, P. pachyderma P. M. Jorg., a most unusual lichen with a thallus resembling a leafy hepatic. The anatomy is very specialized, dominated by a voluminous dense cortex. Also the secondary chemistry, although not fully understood, appears to be unusual, with substances in the norlichexanthone group. Since the material is sterile the systematic position of the genus is uncertain. This paper deals with a remarkable lichen found among collections ofPolystromafernandezii S. Clem. in uPS. It had originally been annotated Hepati- cae, which is not surprising from the general mor- phology and color of the specimens. However, someone had added in pencil afterwards: Li- chen?, and it thus got into the lichen herbarium. At a very late stage in my study the main collec- tion was located at us. It had been given a herbarium name by Mason Hale, who regarded it as a new species of Polystroma. I am sure that Mason, who paid so much attention to cortical structures and chemistry in his taxonomy, would, if he had known, have agreed with me that this lichen is unrelated to that genus, the similarity being superficial. The collection is from one of those famous tepuis in eastern Venezuela, remnants of an ancient high- land, well-known for their many endemic and re- markable plants. This new lichen genus appears to

Pharmacognostical standardization of leaves of Alangium lamarckii Thwaites

In northeastern Poland, the chemical variation of the <em>Cladonia chlorophaea-pyxidata</em> group was much neglected, as TLC has not been used in delimitation of species differing in the chemistry. As a great part of herbal material of University in Bialystok from NE Poland was misidentified, I found my studies to be necessary. Based on the collection of 123 specimens deposited in Herbarium of University in Bialystok, nine species of the <em>C. pyxidata-chlorophaea</em> group are reported from NE Poland. The morphology, secondary chemistry, and ecology of examined lichens are presented and the list of localities is provided. The results revealed that <em>C. fimbriata</em> is the most common species in the northeastern Poland, comprising around 33% of the studied specimens. <em>Cladonia conista</em>, <em>C. cryptochlorophaea</em>, and <em>C. merochlorophaea</em> are known only from very few locations. This study shed light on the role of the lichens substances to diagnosis of the species of <em>C. pyxidata-chlorophaea</em> group.

En la descripción original de Arachis matiensis, dos poblaciones brasileñas aisladas, del municipio de Cáceres, estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, se destacaron como posiblemente pertenecientes a una especie distinta pero se consideró que era necesario realizar análisis de más materiales y estudios morfológicos adicionales para alcanzar una decisión en ese respeto. Nuevas colecciones de herbario y germoplasma en el área, estudios morfológicos complementarios y resultados de cruzamientos inter- e intraespecíficos sustentan ahora la descripción de A. jacobinensis, una nueva especie de la sección taxonómica Procumbentes

Linum bicolor is a problematic North African taxon associated with L. setaceum. A consensus on the taxonomic status of a putative form (L. setaceum var. bicolor f. robusta) has not been achieved yet. We conducted a morphological study based on herbarium and field collections, combined with nuclear (ITS) and plastid (ndhF5–8 and trnL-F) phylogenies to clarify its status. The phylogenetic analysis did not reveal molecular divergence, but a comparative morphological study revealed substantial differences in traits previously used to distinguish the two taxa (stems, leaves, corolla and calyx size). In addition, we found that the indumentum of sepals, petal colour, and the arrangement of anthers and stigmas differed so clearly between the form robusta and L. setaceum s. stricto, that recognizing the former taxon as an independent species was justified. We provide an identification key to the yellow- and white-flowered Linum species in NW Africa. We also revised the unplaced name L. bicolor Schoubs. ex DC. and ...

Biographical details are given for John Theodore Buchholz (1888–1951), including his interest in conifers of California and New Caledonia. Buchholz made detailed studies of the vegetative morphology, reproductive morphology, and embryology of Sequoiadendron giganteum and Sequoia sempervirens prior to his 1939 segregation of Sequoiadendron from Sequoia. Buchholz, a professor at the University of Illinois (1929–1951), spent spring and summer of his 1936 sabbatical in California. Description of Buchholz's technique for morphological collections provides valuable information about his itineraries and his herbarium collections of S. giganteum in 1936. Buchholz also spent the summers of 1940, 1942, and 1944 in California collecting Sequoiadendron (1940) and cultivated material of Podocarpus (1942), as well as investigating Pinus (1942, 1944). Information sources included: obituaries and other biographical accounts of Buchholz and his students, labels of his herbarium collections, 55 letters archived at the California Academy of Sciences and the University of Illinois, and Buchholz's extensive bibliography on gymnosperms (57 titles, including those of his student Netta Elizabeth Gray, 1913–1970). Publications with available PDFs allowed systematic searching of relevant dates and text strings.

The relationship between eleven Tephrosia species occurring in Nigeria was examined using a number of taxonomic tools. Fresh and herbarium specimens were used for this purpose and methods followed conventional taxonomic practice. Although the species occur in savanna ecosystems, herbarium collections revealed an abundant distribution in the southern part of Nigeria. Morphometric studies revealed that four quantitative characters viz: leaflet length, lamina length, fruit length and pedicel length can be used to delimit members of this genus. Based on the cluster analysis using average linkage within group, the closest species are T. leptostachya and T. purpurea with the shortest distance measure (0.713). T. linearis has the smallest leaflet, in length and width. Further morphological studies also showed that T. vogelii has the largest pod while T. barbigera has the highest number of seeds per pod. Generally, the species have very short petiolule ranging between 0.2cm and 0.3cm in length, on the average. Foliar micro-morphological studies also showed that the species generally possess polygonal cells with straight to curved anticlinal walls and anisocytic stomata types while pollen studies revealed tricolporate pollen grains to be predominant within the taxa. Although, the present study has added to the existing information regarding Tephrosia species, it also suggests further research to ascertain its taxonomic position within the Papilionaceae.

ABSTRACTThe ectomycorrhizal milkcap genus Lactifluus (Russulaceae) is commonly found in tropical and subtropical forests of Southeast Asia. During several sampling expeditions in Thailand, multiple collections of Lactifluus (Lf.) species with pleurotoid or small agaricoid basidiocarps were found. A molecular study was combined with a morphological study, in which the collections were compared with herbarium material. The molecular study indicated that four Thai collections belonged to undescribed species within Lactifluus section Gerardii, as was also the case for herbarium collections of a pleurotoid species from Nepal. One other collection from Thailand appeared closely related to Lf. uyedae, known only from Japan. Five species are described as new in the genus: Lf. auriculiformis, Lf. gerardiellus, Lf. bhandaryi, Lf. pulchrellus, and Lf. raspei.

Herbarium collections constitute permanent and often well-documented records of the distribution of taxa through space and time. Since their creation, their uses have dramatically expanded and with many new uses being proposed, including some for which herbaria were not initially intended for. In this paper we assess the potential of these collections on conservation biology, by providing exemplary studies that use herbarium specimens, grouped into four categories: (1) based on occurrence data, such as studies about plant extinction or introduction, or those focused on modelling their ecological niche; (2) based on the specimens themselves, such as morphological or phenological studies to evaluate the impact of climate change; (3) based in genetic data, such as phylogeographic or taxonomical studies; and (4), other applied studies.

Cabomba schwartzii was described by Rataj in 1977. The species discovered in the Brazilian Amazon was said to differ from other Cabomba species in having two sepals, two petals and a lobate petal base. According to the 1991 study of Ørgaard, C. schwartzii is similar to C. aquatica in other morphological characters (C. aquatica has flowers with three sepals and three petals) and since variation in number of floral parts is common in the genus, Ørgaard synonymized both species. After an analysis of C. schwartzii type material, other herbarium collections and location of four populations (two with C. schwartzii characteristics and two with C. aquatica characteristics), we conducted an integrated morphological and genetic study to evaluate whether or not C. schwartzii is a distinct species from C. aquatica. The results reveal the species to be distinct from each other and therefore C. schwartzii should be reestablished. The floral formula for C. schwartzii is K2 C2 A2+2 G1, versus K3 C3 A3+3 G2 for C. aquatica. A detailed species description and the geographical distribution of C. schwartzii are presented with a dichotomous key to distinguish both species, together with illustrations.

Type material and additional collections of 11 taxa of Gautieria described in Europe and North Africa have been studied, namely G. dubia, G. graveolens, G. morchelliformis var. globispora, G. morchelliformis var. magnicellaris, G. morchelliformis var. morchelliformis, G. morchelliformis var. stenospora, G. otthii, G. pseudovestita, G. retirugosa, G. trabutii and G. villosa. At the same time, morphological and genetic studies on recent and herbarium collections from several European countries have been carried out. This enabled clarification of sections within Gautieria and differentiation of 28 taxa, of which 21 are new to science. However, the deeper relationships and nomenclature changes related to the phylogenetic position of the genus Gautieria within Gomphaceae will not be addressed in this study because they would require a more complete molecular analysis together with that of related genera, e.g., Gomphus, Turbinellus, and the four subgenera of Ramaria. In addition, a lectotype for G. villosa var. villosa and reference specimens for G. graveolens and G. morchelliformis var. morchelliformis are selected, and the new combination G. morchelliformis var. dubia is proposed. Detailed descriptions, macro- and microphotographs and distribution maps of all taxa are provided, as well as extensive information on their ecology, chorology and phylogeny. A key is included to facilitate identification of taxa. Citation: Vidal JM, Cseh P, Merényi Z, et al. 2023. The genus Gautieria (Gomphales) in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin: a morphological and phylogenetic taxonomic revision. Persoonia 50: 48 -122. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2023.50.03.

Molecular phylogeny of the Pertusariaceae supports secondary chemistry as an important systematic character set in lichen-forming ascomycetes

Unknown sides of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) diversity in East Europe and North Asia or how hybridization explained old taxonomical puzzles

The book publishes the first results of the revision of the lichen herbarium collection made during the complex expeditions in the Sakhalin Region. The lichen herbarium is mostly based on collections of A.K. Ezhkin and V.V. Kaganov. A significant number of lichen specimens was collected in nature protected and remote areas, and in places with volcanic activity. At the moment, 1184 specimens (326 species) are mounted and stored in the Herbarium of IMGG FEB RAS. The book provides a brief historical overview of lichen research performed by various specialists in the Sakhalin Region for all time. A catalog of all mounted herbarium lichen specimens and their systematic analysis of different data are also provided. As an appendix, the book contains images of lichen specimens selected from the herbarium collections of A.K. Ezhkin. The book is intended for botanists, students and specialists of biological sciences and everyone who is interested in the nature of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.

Eleva-se Enterolobium schomburgkii var. glaziovii Benth. a categoria de espécie, estabelecendo Enterolobium glaziovii (Benth.) Mesquita, "status novum" para as regiões Sudeste e Nordeste do Brasil. Tal resultado está baseado em estudo de coleções herborizadas, em observações de campo, em estudo comparativo de frutos, sementes embriões e na análise de padrões de distribuição geográfica. Apresenta-se uma descrição completa da espécie e tabela comparativa dos caracteres diferenciais entre esta e a espécie próxima E. schomburgkii (Benth.) Benth.