Abstract
In this letter, a simple technique is proposed to induce strong density modulation into the electron beam with small energy modulation. By using the combination of a transversely dispersed electron beam and a wave-front tilted seed laser, three-dimensional manipulation of the electron beam phase space can be utilized to significantly enhance the micro-bunching of seeded free-electron laser schemes, which will improve the performance and extend the short-wavelength range of a single-stage seeded free-electron laser. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate the capability of the proposed technique in a soft x-ray free-electron laser.
Highlights
Free-electron lasers (FELs) hold great promise as extremely high intensity, coherent photon sources for shortwavelength radiation, which is opening up new frontiers of ultrafast and ultrasmall sciences at the atomic scale
We have proposed a simple method for three-dimensional manipulation of the electron beam phase space in the optical scale
Analytical and numerical investigations of the proposed method demonstrate a great potential of generating high harmonic radiation with a relatively small energy modulation and a suitable transverse dispersion in a single stage seeded FEL
Summary
Free-electron lasers (FELs) hold great promise as extremely high intensity, coherent photon sources for shortwavelength radiation, which is opening up new frontiers of ultrafast and ultrasmall sciences at the atomic scale. The output properties of HGHG is a direct map of the seed laser’s attributes, which ensures a high degree of temporal coherence and small pulse energy fluctuations with respect to SASE These theoretical predictions have been demonstrated in worldwide HGHG experiments [13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. In order to improve the frequency multiplication efficiency in a single stage, more complicated phase space manipulation techniques have been developed, e.g., the echoenabled harmonic generation [23,24] technique employs two pairs of modulator and dispersion section to introduce the echo effect into the electron beam phase space for enhancing the frequency multiplication of the current modulation with a relatively small energy modulation.
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