“Those Who Are Here, Greet You”: Rebecca Protten’s Letters to Her Husband Christian (1760, 1761)

P.2.b.037 Increase of alertness correlates with early brain-derived neurotrophic factor serum level rise and treatment outcome in major depression

Despite the salient impacts of daily experiences, scarce research has measured various daily minor experiences and evaluated their influences on adolescent well-being in their daily life. This study assessed the exposure to multiple aspects of daily hassles and uplifts in adolescents' daily lives, and examined the links between the level, types, and diversity of these exposures and adolescents' daily physical and mental well-being. Ninety-nine adolescents (12-17 years old, M = 14.6, 51.5% White, 53.5% female) completed a 30-day daily diary study. Multilevel modeling revealed different associations between the level and types of daily hassles and uplifts and adolescent well-being on the same day. Experiencing diverse daily hassles was linked with more emotional problems, and experiencing diverse daily uplifts was related with lower negative affect. The findings underscore the importance of including level, types, and diversity of both daily hassles and uplifts in research to better characterize adolescents' daily experiences. The findings also highlight the concurrent and potential cumulative effects of daily minor social events and mundane experiences in adolescent development in their daily lives.

Despite the salient impacts of daily experiences, scarce research has measured various daily minor experiences and evaluated their influences on adolescent well-being in their daily life. This study assessed the exposure to multiple aspects of daily hassles and uplifts in adolescents’ daily lives, and examined the links between the level, types, and diversity of these exposures and adolescents’ daily physical and mental well-being. Ninety-nine adolescents (12–17 years old, M = 14.6, 51.5% White, 53.5% female) completed a 30-day daily diary study. Multilevel modeling revealed different associations between the level and types of daily hassles and uplifts and adolescent well-being on the same day. Experiencing diverse daily hassles was linked with more emotional problems, and experiencing diverse daily uplifts was related with lower negative affect. The findings underscore the importance of including level, types, and diversity of both daily hassles and uplifts in research to better characterize adolescents’ daily experiences. The findings also highlight the concurrent and potential cumulative effects of daily minor social events and mundane experiences in adolescent development in their daily lives.

The economic well-being of nations is associated with positive daily situational experiences

Sleep is intricately tied to emotional well-being, yet little is known about the reciprocal links between sleep and psychosocial experiences in the context of daily life. The aim of this study is to evaluate daily psychosocial experiences (positive and negative affect, positive events, and stressors) as predictors of same-night sleep quality and duration, in addition to the reversed associations of nightly sleep predicting next-day experiences. Daily experiences and self-reported sleep were assessed via telephone interviews for eight consecutive evenings in two replicate samples of US employees (131 higher-income professionals and 181 lower-income hourly workers). Multilevel models evaluated within-person associations of daily experiences with sleep quality and duration. Analyses controlled for demographics, insomnia symptoms, the previous day's experiences and sleep measures, and additional day-level covariates. Daily positive experiences were associated with improved as well as disrupted subsequent sleep. Specifically, positive events at home predicted better sleep quality in both samples, whereas greater positive affect was associated with shorter sleep duration among the higher-income professionals. Negative affect and stressors were unrelated to subsequent sleep. Results for the reversed direction revealed that better sleep quality (and, to a lesser degree, longer sleep duration) predicted emotional well-being and lower odds of encountering stressors on the following day. Given the reciprocal relationships between sleep and daily experiences, efforts to improve well-being in daily life should reflect the importance of sleep.

Mystagogy has been recognized as an archaic word which was revived and developed after the Second Vatican Council. The Council begins to facilitate some pastoral concerns on the baptism for adults. The meaning of mystagogy is even more enlarged not only in the scope of liturgical teachings and rites of initiation. It also covers daily life of the faithful in every age and society. This article will present how the dynamic application of the mystagogical process helps clarify the connection between mystagogy and daily experiences of the faithful. Mystagogy is still ‘at work’ and continues to develop in the praxis of faith. Inspired by some theological approaches, the second part of this writing will discuss the connection between mystical sense and daily experience. The author will portray the relations ‘between the mystagogue and the myste’ and ‘between the myste and God’ towards the mystery of faith, before exploring mystagogy in daily experiences within the contexts of mystery and self-transcendence. An extended application of this reinterpretation will be offered in the last section to lead towards transformation through the daily experiences. Key Words: *Mystagogy *Catechesis *Pedagogy *Discipleship *The myste *Mystical experience *Daily life experience *Transformation *Self-transcendence *Spiritual journey.

Ambulatory Assessment

Intensive assessment of experiences, health, and well-being in daily life have shown considerable value for understanding how our experiences shape proximal as well as distal health outcomes throughout midlife and older age. To date, stressors have been the most-oft studied experiences, while negative affect and physical symptoms have been focal indicators of daily well-being. Emerging research is emphasizing the import of experiences across different contexts, including social support provision and the work-family intersection, for shaping health and well-being. Further, self-reports of cognitive health (e.g., memory failures, cognitive complaints, cognitive interference, perseverative cognition) are emerging as an important dimension of daily well-being. Such reports are indicative of stress responses, relevant anxiety and depression symptomology, and dementia risk. Thus, self-reports of cognitive health represent a potential pathway for understanding links among daily experiences and health. The purpose of this symposium is to bring together these diverse operationalizations of cognitive health in daily life to illustrate its value and utility across different daily life experiences and contexts. Cichy and colleagues examine associations among daily social support provision and cognitive interference between persons and within persons across days. Chandler and colleagues examine associations between work-family conflict, cognitive interference, and memory failures among midlife adults in the Work-Family Health Study. Mogle explores age differences in individuals’ attributions for why they could not complete tasks in daily life. Stawski and colleagues examine associations among daily stressors, perseverative cognition, and mortality. Stacey Scott will facilitate discussion of the papers and offer insights for future research.

Negative experiences in daily life are related to feeling older, but the role of daily positive experiences for subjective age has rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the directionality of the relation between subjective age and daily experiences remains unclear. We thus investigated the dynamic interplay of daily subjective age and both daily stressors and uplifts. We hypothesized that the experience of daily stressors would be related to an older subjective age and daily uplifts to a younger subjective age. We also predicted reciprocal relations of stressors/uplifts and subjective age across days and addressed these questions using both a single item and a multidimensional operationalization of subjective age, asking about felt age in different domains. We used data from a daily diary study including N = 69 participants aged 52-75 years (Mage = 62.72, SD = 5.57, 58% women) who reported on their subjective age, daily stressors, and uplift experiences on 14 consecutive days. Dynamic structural equation models showed a differentiated picture: More uplifts were related to a younger subjective age within and between persons. Reporting more uplifts than usual on a given day predicted a younger subjective age than usual on the next day and vice versa, albeit the latter effect was only significant for the multidimensional operationalization. Surprisingly, stressors were unrelated to subjective age. The findings emphasize the importance of uplifts for daily aging experiences and provide empirical evidence for the conceptualization of subjective age as both a product and a driver of daily experiences in later life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Cardiovascular disease is a critical public health issue and a growing body of literature on relationships and health point to individuals' interactions and involvement with family members as significant correlates of cardiovascular outcomes. However, less is known about the implications of daily encounters with family members on cardiovascular health outcomes and how the associations vary across adulthood. The aims of this study were to examine the associations of positive and negative daily experiences with family members with comprehensive measures of cardiovascular health and to further explore how age moderates these associations. This study used data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) II and MIDUS Refresher. The sample was composed of respondents who participated in two subprojects of MIDUS, namely the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE) and Biomarker Project (N = 1,312). Indices of cardiovascular health included inflammatory markers, autonomic functioning, and Life's Simple 7 scores. Results showed that the associations between daily family experiences and cardiovascular outcomes differed by age. Having more daily negative experiences with family members was associated with better cardiovascular health outcomes among young adults and worse cardiovascular outcomes among older adults. Having more daily positive experiences was also associated with lower heart rate variability for older adults. Results revealed that contrary to the general assumption that negative experiences have health-damaging effects, frequent involvement with family members in daily life, even negative ones, may be indicative of active engagement in life that could be health promoting for younger adults.

Repetti's (1989, 1994) argument that daily work stress leads parents to withdraw from family interaction was tested by examining parents' knowledge of their school-aged children's experiences, whereabouts, and activities in a sample of 181 dualearner families. Cluster analysis of husbands ' and wives' work hours, role overload, and work pressure produced three clusters: high mother demands, low demands, and high father demands. Parents were less knowledgeable when fathers' jobs were highly demanding and when they had younger boys or were less happily married. The negative effects of fathers' work stress appear to be exacerbated by poor marital quality and by having a younger son. Key Words: cluster analysis, dual-earner couples, middle childhood, parental knowledge, parental monitoring, work stress. Job-related stress is one characteristic of employment that has been shown to have negative implications for parent-child relations (Galambos & Maggs, 1990; Repetti, 1994, 1997; Repetti & Wood, 1997). Previous research examining work demands and parenting, however, has focused primarily on either mothers' or fathers' work characteristics. Such strategies do not fully portray the complexities in the lifestyles of dual-earner families (Crouter & Helms-Erikson, 1997; Crouter & McHale, 1993). For example, the effects of a father's stressful job may depend on the extent to which his spouse is supportive and facilitates the father's withdrawal from family activities (Repetti, 1989). In dual-earner couples, the level of compensation a husband or wife is able to provide may be contingent on the demands associated with his or her own job. The role of work demands is better understood when the patterns of both parents' work conditions are explored and linked to family processes. One such family process, parental monitoringsupervising, controlling, or tracking children's behavior-is an important predictor of children's and adolescents' psychosocial functioning (e.g., Chilcoat & Anthony, 1996; Dishion & McMahon, 1998). As children move into middle childhood and increase their participation in extrafamilial activities (e.g., Little League, Scouts), monitoring via direct supervision may be more difficult for parents (Collins, Harris, & Susman, 1995). Consequently, an important goal for parents is to remain knowledgeable about children's daily lives (Crouter, Helms-Erikson, Updegraff, & McHale, 1999), despite the fact that direct surveillance is less feasible than during the preschool years. In the study presented here, we first typologized dual-earner couples according to the demands of both spouses' occupations in order to delineate common patterns of work demands. We next examined how dual-earner couples' knowledge of their school-aged children's daily experiences and activities differed as a function of their cluster membership (i.e., the work demands of both mothers and fathers). We also explored the possibility that the relationship between work demands and parental knowledge differed as a function of marital quality or the sex of the target children. WORK DEMANDS Evidence is accumulating that parents' daily work experiences have an impact on family functioning (Almeida, Maggs, & Galambos, 1993; Parcel & Menaghan, 1994). Consistent with an ecological perspective (Bronfenbrenner & Crouter, 1982; Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 1998) and the notion of spillover (Staines,1980), stressful job conditions (the focus of our study) have been associated with less positive family dynamics after work, including reduced time spent with children (Greenberger, O'Neil, & Nagel, 1994) and more frequent marital conflict (Bolger, DeLongis, Kessler, & Wethington, 1989). Repetti (1989, 1994; Repetti & Wood, 1997) proposed that short-term, job-related stress results in workers' withdrawing from family activities when they come home. In Repetti's study of male air traffic controllers, high-stress days at work were followed by decreases in marital anger and parent-child involvement, as well as increased withdrawal. …

High-impact chronic pain (HICP), defined as persistent pain that substantially limits daily activities, affects millions of adults and poses a public health challenge. Yet relatively little is known about how HICP manifests in people’s daily lives. To address this gap, this study used the comprehensive Ecological Momentary Assessment of pain (cEMAp) to assess pain-related experiences four times per day over 7 days in individuals with chronic low back pain. Based on the classification using the Graded Chronic Pain Scale–Revised, we compared individuals with HICP (n= 66) with those in the next most severe pain category, bothersome chronic pain (n= 41), defined as having similar pain frequency but less frequent interference with daily activities. On each prompt, participants completed 2-hour assessments of pain intensity, interference, catastrophizing, behaviors, coping strategies, and pain characteristics. In line with prior research, both groups reported similar pain intensity levels, but the HICP group reported more frequent interference with physical, mental, and social activities. There were no group differences in daily mood or catastrophizing. Exploratory analyses suggested that many daily experiences were similar across groups, with differences observed in selected pain qualities, coping strategies, and pain behaviors. Additional analyses of response distributions showed some similarity across groups in many experiences. Overall, although individuals with HICP on average experience higher pain interference in daily life, levels of many day-to-day experiences are similar between the two groups. Data obtained with cEMAp complement traditional retrospective assessment by providing a detailed view of chronic pain in everyday life.

MISCONCEPTIONSSTUDENTS' MISCONCEPTION ABOUT ENERGY-YIELDING METABOLISM: GLUCOSE AS THE SOLE METABOLIC FUELGabriel A. Oliveira, Cristiane R. Sousa, Andrea T. Da Poian, and Maurício R. M. P. LuzGabriel A. OliveiraDepartamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941–590, Cristiane R. SousaDepartamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941–590Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Ultra-estrutura e Biologia Celular, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045–900, Brazil, Andrea T. Da PoianDepartamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941–590, and Maurício R. M. P. LuzSetor Curricular de Biologia, Colégio de Aplicação, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22470–130Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Departamento de Ultra-estrutura e Biologia Celular, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045–900, BrazilPublished Online:01 Sep 2003https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00009.2003MoreSectionsPDF (129 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations Energy-yielding metabolism is a subject that is particularly important, because energy production is a fundamental requirement for cells even though they execute many other processes simultaneously. An integrated view of metabolism is essential for understanding how the whole organism functions, including activities of students' daily life, such as eating, dieting, and physical exercise. In fact, the media constantly exert pressure on young people, stimulating students to undergo countless diet and exercise programs. Additionally, diabetes mellitus and obesity, which are diseases with close ties to metabolism, have been increasing among adolescents.In Brazil, the education system is organized in 12 grades. Until the 9th grade (∼14–15 years old), physics, chemistry, and biology are taught as one discipline, called "sciences." From 10th to 12th grade (∼17–18 years old), physics, chemistry, and biology are taught as separated disciplines. "Metabolism" is traditionally taught in the 10th grade. Although the role and the general structure of macromolecules are taught in the 10th grade, 8th grade deals for the first time with these subjects.To assess students' knowledge of the integration of human metabolism, we have presented questionnaires to be answered by students at the beginning of their first year at one of the largest and most prestigious Brazilian universities, the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The first questionnaire (Q1) contained two objective questions: 1) What happens to the overall ATP production in an individual fed a low carbohydrate diet? 2) What happens to the overall ATP production in an individual undergoing prolonged (many days of) fasting?The students had the choices of answering "I do not know" or that ATP production "remains the same," "increases," or "decreases." In addition, after their answers for each question were selected, three lines were available for the students to briefly explain their answers. Students who did select an option but did not explain their answers were excluded from the sample.Figure 1A summarizes the pattern of answers obtained from Q1. From the 304 students who answered the questionnaire, 175 came from biomedical-, 55 from technology-, and 74 from humanities-related courses. Although there was some diversity among the answers given by the students in each group, the pattern was found to be very similar (not shown). The proportion of students who presented correct answers to the questions was remarkably small, and a great proportion of them chose to answer "I do not know" or did not explain their answers. These proportions indicate that a significant number of students do not know how that metabolism is regulated in relatively common situations of their daily lives (diets, for instance). However, even more important is the fact that ∼50% of the students presented very similar answers (which we considered the "misconception"), according to which ATP production falls dramatically during either a "low-carbohydrate diet" or "fasting." The explanations given by all students to the answers scored as the "misconception" were related to the fact that carbohydrates are the only source of glucose and that glucose is the only fuel available for ATP production by the cells. A small proportion of the students presented other "wrong" explanations for their answers.As a control, Q1 was presented to 154 students who had just finished the biochemistry course in the Faculty of Medicine. Sixty percent of them presented correct answers to the questions, and the proportion of misconception was only ∼15% (Fig. 1B). Therefore, the high proportions of the misconception found among undergraduate students was not a consequence of Q2 structure.The fact that Q1 dealt with deprivation situations (low-carbohydrate diet and fasting) could induce the students to answer that ATP production decreases. If this were true, any question dealing with deprivation situations would result in an answer pattern similar to that obtained for Q1. To this hypothesis, undergraduate students were asked to answer the following question:What happens to the overall ATP production in an individual fed a diet containing low levels of calcium?This question is similar to the first question of Q1, except for the substitution of the word "carbohydrate" for the word "calcium" (an ion not directly related to ATP production). The answer pattern was quite different from that obtained for Q1, since the answers were randomly distributed among the four options (χ2 = 3.49, 3 degrees of freedom, P = 0.32). Thus a question containing a deprivation situation per se does not induce students to answer that ATP production decreases.In an attempt to investigate whether recalling daily situations related to energy-yielding metabolism could change the students' answer pattern, we presented a slightly modified version of Q1, which will be referred to as Q2, to a second sample of undergraduate students. Q2 contained, before the original questions, the following question, to which the students were asked to write down an answer:A low-carbohydrate diet associated with extensive exercise usually leads to weight loss. Which molecule is decreasing in amount in the body to account for the weight loss?Most of the students (71.8%) identified lipids, and few of them (12.7%) identified carbohydrates, as the molecules being consumed and responsible for weight loss. The remaining students presented other answers or chose to answer "I do not know" (Fig. 2A). No student identified more than one molecule as being responsible for weight loss. Q2 also contained the question:What is/are that/those molecule(s) being used for?Almost all the students (94%) answered that the molecule consumed during weight loss was used for energy production. However, when the same students answered Q1, only a small number of them answered that other molecules besides glucose could be used as fuels during a low-carbohydrate diet (17.6%) or fasting (13.6%). Such proportions were nearly identical to those found among students who answered only Q1 (compare Fig. 2, inset, with Fig. 1A). In fact, the proportion of students who acknowledged the use of other fuel molecules besides glucose was much smaller than those who identified lipids as responsible for weight loss (71.8%). The majority of the students still presented answers scored as misconception (57.1 and 68.2% to diet or fasting, respectively). This set of results indicates the presence of two distinct conceptions in the same student: one, more correct ("lipids and proteins, besides glucose, can be used in energy production by the cells"), which is applied by the students in a more informal situation, and the other, the misconception ("only glucose can be used in energy production by the cells"), which is used when a problem that requires more formal learning is presented.To confirm the existence of two contradictory conceptions concerning energy-yielding metabolism in the same student, we submitted another questionnaire (Q3) to another group of undergraduate students. First, the students answered Q1, and, as expected, the result was similar to that obtained before (Fig. 2B, inset). Then they were asked:What molecules are used in the cells for ATP production?A greater proportion of the students (66%) was able to associate ATP production with other fuels besides glucose (Fig. 2B); approximately 32% of the students identified glucose as the only molecule involved in ATP production. This result confirms the coexistence of two contradictory conceptions in the students minds.Students' answers about the regulation of metabolism in low-carbohydrate diets and fasting seem to indicate that they identify glucose as the sole fuel molecule available for ATP production in human cells. A more explicit attempt to stimulate students to connect energy-yielding metabolism and daily experience proved that, even after identifying the loss of lipids or proteins during diet and exercise, the students presented an identical profile of misconceptions. Thus the main finding reported here is that students fail to establish a correlation between ordinary daily experience and the formal study of metabolism.We suggest that efforts should be made by textbook authors, teachers, and researchers to discuss metabolism in a more integrated way, emphasizing both catabolic and anabolic pathways involved in metabolism and discussing the multiple connections of central metabolic pathways such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Moreover, correlation of energy-yielding metabolism pathways with daily experience (e.g., diets and growth) should be also emphasized. It is our belief that this new approach is more likely to lead to a better understanding of the complexity of the metabolic pathways and their interconnections and also to a better comprehension of daily experiences, where an understanding of human metabolism is required for adequate decisions related to health and life style.FIG. 1Students' misconception about ATP production by cells during a low-carbohydrate diet (filled bars) or fasting (grey bars). Answers to Q1 by 304 students from 9 different careers of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (A) or 184 students from the Faculty of Medicine who had just finished the biochemistry course (B). Misconception refers to the answers that include that "glucose is the only fuel available for ATP production by the cells".Download figureDownload PowerPoint FIG. 2A: students' answers to the question of Q2. Inset: answer pattern of Q1 applied to the same students after answering Q2 (n = 101). B: students' answers to the question of Q3. Inset: answer pattern of Q1 applied to the same students before answering Q3 (n = 50).Download figureDownload PowerPointAUTHOR NOTESAddress for reprint requests and other correspondence: A. T. Da Poian, Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941–590, Brazil (E-mail: [email protected])This article has no references to display. 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Stella1 December 2012 | Advances in Physiology Education, Vol. 36, No. 4Learning goals and conceptual difficulties in cell metabolism—an explorative study of university lecturers' views1 January 2012 | Chem. Educ. Res. Pract., Vol. 13, No. 4Educational Challenges of Molecular Life Science: Characteristics and Implications for Education and ResearchCBE—Life Sciences Education, Vol. 9, No. 1Glucose as the sole metabolic fuel: The possible influence of formal teaching on the establishment of a misconception about energy-yielding metabolism among students from Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBiochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, Vol. 36, No. 6Glucose as the sole metabolic fuel: a study on the possible influence of teachers' knowledge on the establishment of a misconception among Brazilian high school studentsMaurício Roberto Motta Pinto da Luz1 September 2008 | Advances in Physiology Education, Vol. 32, No. 3Common student misconceptions in exercise physiology and biochemistryJames P. Morton, Dominic A. Doran, and Don P. M. MacLaren1 June 2008 | Advances in Physiology Education, Vol. 32, No. 2 More from this issue > Volume 27Issue 3September 2003Pages 97-101 Copyright & Permissions© 2003 American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00009.2003PubMed12928318History Received 23 April 2003 Accepted 29 April 2003 Published online 1 September 2003 Published in print 1 September 2003 Metrics

The advent of mobile communication devices has become an essential part of contemporary human experiences. However, what are consumers' experiences with their mobile devices on a daily basis? This exploratory chapter used an experience sampling method to extract quantitative and qualitative experiential data to understand how concerns over location-sensitive privacy issues affect how consumers feel about mobile phone in their daily lives. Participants from both Taiwan and U.S. took part in this study and recorded their daily experiences with the presence of smartphones at different parts of one single day. The findings suggest that cross-national consumers generally agree with the functional benefits of mobile devices, but at the same time, express their disruptive effects on their daily lives. Taiwanese consumer mood states are overall consistent with those of American participants who similarly feel more disrupted with their mobile phones. Discussions and implications are provided.

The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristics and meanings of mothers' daily experiences in online communities. To this end, on a selected online community bulletin board were collected from April 1 to April 30, 2020, and repeated comparative analysis was conducted. According to the study, mothers in the online community shared their concerns and information about parenting together in the first, ‘Child-raising Together.’ Second, ‘new encounter’ was forming a new community in an unfamiliar place. Third, the ‘laugh together, cry together’ showed the appearance of helping each other by exchanging information on daily life. This study is significant in that it can be used as a basic data for understanding mothers' daily life and seeking ways to support online services for parents.