Thiol/methylthio-functionalized porous aromatic frameworks for simultaneous capture of aromatic pollutants and Hg(II) from water

Abstract

Simultaneously capturing organic pollutants and heavy metal can greatly reduce the water remediation time and cost, however it is still a great challenge presently. Herein, two novel thiol/methylthio–functionalized porous aromatic frameworks were synthesized as sorbents via the Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction of 1,3,5–triethynylbenzene and 1,3,5–tris(4–bromophenyl) benzene, the subsequent chloromethylation of the phenyl rings, and the final nucleophile substitution of –Cl groups by NaSH/NaSMe. These two sorbents were characterized by FT–IR spectra, energy dispersive X-ray spectra, scanning electron microscope, nitrogen adsorption analysis, thermo–gravimetric analysis, and elemental analyses. Adsorption experiments displayed that new sorbents had high uptake abilities and fast adsorption kinetics for aromatic pollutants and mercury (II) (Hg(II)). The maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) of toluene and m–xylene on both new sorbents were 531.9–571.4 mg/g with the kinetic binding rate constants (kobs) of 0.00276–0.02422 g/mg/min, and the Qmax values of Hg(II) were 148.1–180.3 mg/g with kobs of 0.00592–0.01573 g/mg/min. Moreover, new sorbents indicated high simultaneous uptake abilities for these pollutants with good reusability, and finally they were successfully applied to the simultaneous remediation of these pollutants in two simulated sewages with high and low concentration, indicating their great practical application potential in wastewater remediation.