Thermomodulation experiments at the cubic-to-tetragonal phase transition in SrTiO 3

Abstract

After a brief comment on the important features of strontium titanate and a critical review of recent optical work in this material, thermoabsorption results at the cubic-to-tetragonal second-order phase transition are reported. Use of insulating samples has been possible by means of indirect heating. Optical evidence of the phase change is seen for the momentum-forbidden transitions starting at the indirect gap energy. This is discussed in terms of the relaxation of the momentum condition brought about by structural fluctuations near the transition temperature T 0. Part of the effect may be related to the increasing static distortion of the lattice in the tetragonal state. The results presented also confirm earlier pictures of the absorption threshold as due to LO-phonon-assisted Γ 15→X 3 transitions (with phonon energy equal to 52 meV). Furthermore, in the vicinity of T 0, an extra thermomodulation signal, corresponding to a weak absorption threshold ≅ 20 meV higher than the gap, becomes visible. This critical point is also particularly sensitive to the application of electric fields, as found by electroabsorption results obtained at liquid nitrogen temperature.