Thermodynamic properties of the Cu−Sn and Cu−Au systems by mass spectrometry

Abstract

The activities and partial molar heats of mixing have been determined in the liquid Cu−Sn system at 1320°C and the liquid Cu−Au system at 1460°C. The experimental technique consisted of the analysis of Knudsen cell effusates with a T.O.F. mass spectrometer. The ion current ratio for the alloy components was measured for each system over a range of temperature and composition and the thermodynamic values calculated by a modified Gibbs-Duhem equation. Both systems exhibited negative deviations from ideal behavior. The results can be partially represented by the equations $$\begin{gathered} \log \gamma _{Cu} = - 0.0175x^2 _{Sn} - 0.302 (0 \leqslant x_{Cu} \leqslant 0.20) \hfill \\ log \gamma _{Sn} = - 0.342x^2 _{Cu} + 1.084(0 \leqslant x_{Sn} \leqslant 0.20) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ for the Cu−Sn system at 1320°C and by $$\begin{gathered} \log \gamma _{Cu} = - 0.703x^2 _{Au} - 0.083(0 \leqslant x_{Cu} \leqslant 0.52) \hfill \\ \log \gamma _{Au} = - 1.057x^2 _{Cu} + 0.098(0 \leqslant x_{Au} \leqslant 0.47) \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ for the Cu−Au system at 1460°C.